骨盆后环损伤致骶髂关节脱位的内固定手术入路研究进展

Advances in the internal fixation surgical approach for sacroiliac joint dislocation caused by posterior pelvic ring injury

高能量冲击易导致骨盆后环损伤,并以骶髂关节脱位最为常见。骶髂关节作为躯干与下肢传递负荷的枢纽,对维持骨盆后环的稳定性至关重要,一旦发生损伤脱位,需及时开展手术恢复骨盆后环的稳定性。目前针对骶髂关节内固定的手术入路主要分为前入路及后入路,手术入路的选择直接影响到术野暴露、内固定稳定性以及患者预后,因此选择合适的手术入路及固定方式尤为重要。本文主要围绕骶髂关节手术固定点的选择、手术入路以及术后并发症展开简要综述。

Injury of the posterior pelvic ring can easily be caused by high-energy impact,and sacroiliac joint dislocation is the most common.The sacroiliac joint,as the hub of load transfer between the trunk and lower extremities,is essential to maintain the stability of the posterior pelvic ring,and once dislocation occurs,restoring the stability of the posterior pelvic ring by timely surgery is necessary.The current surgical approaches for the internal fixation of sacroiliac joint are mainly divided into anterior approach and posterior approach.The choice of the surgical approach directly affects the exposure of the surgical field,the stability of internal fixation and the prognosis of patients;therefore,it is particularly important to select the appropriate surgical approach and fixation method.In this paper,we briefly review the selection of sacroiliac joint fixation points,surgical approaches and postoperative complications.