不同缓/控释肥对玉米产量·经济效益及肥料利用率的影响

Effects of Different Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers on Yield,Economic Benefit and Fertilizer Efficiency of Maize

[目的]探究冀南平原玉米种植的缓/控释肥的应用效果。[方法]以邯玉398为材料,选取3种常见的玉米缓/控释复合肥进行田间试验,分析了不同类型缓/控释肥对玉米产量、经济效益及肥料利用率的影响。[结果]施用硫包衣缓/控释复合肥的玉米产量、利润及农学利用效率较常规复合肥分别降低1.95%、3.27%、8.27%~31.21%;施用树脂包衣缓/控释复合肥的玉米产量提高0.65%,但利润、总养分量、磷、钾偏生产力和总养分量农学利用效率分别降低了1.45%、22.59%、49.67%、49.67%、20.09%;施用脲甲醛缓/控释复合肥的玉米产量、利润及总养分量偏生产力和农学利用效率较常规复合肥分别提高5.98%、5.50%、5.99%、25.22%,且产量、利润显著提高。[结论]综合分析,脲甲醛缓/控释复合肥可作为冀南平原玉米种植中的优先推荐。

[Objective]In order to explore the application effect of slow/controlled release fertilizer suitable for corn planting in the southern Hebei plain.[Method]The maize variety Hanyu 398 and three common slow/controlled release compound fertilizers of maize were selected as materials for field experiment.The effects of different types of slow/controlled release fertilizers on maize yield,economic benefit and fertilizer efficiency were analyzed.[Result]The yield,profit,and agronomic utilization efficiency of corn treated with sulfur coated slow/controlled re⁃lease compound fertilizer decreased by 1.95%,3.27%,and 8.27%-31.21%compared to conventional compound fertilizer,respectively;the application of resin coated slow/controlled release compound fertilizer increased corn yield by 0.65%,but reduced profit,total nutrient con⁃tent,phosphorus and potassium partial productivity,and total nutrient agronomic utilization efficiency by 1.45%,22.59%,49.67%,49.67%,and 20.09%,respectively;the application of urea formaldehyde slow⁃release/controlled-release compound fertilizer increased corn yield,prof⁃it,partial productivity,and agronomic utilization efficiency by 5.98%,5.50%,5.99%,and 25.22%,respectively,compared to conventional compound fertilizer,and significantly increased yield and profit.[Conclusion]Based on comprehensive analysis,urea formaldehyde slow⁃re⁃lease/controlled release compound fertilizer can be recommended as a priority for corn cultivation in the southern Hebei Plain region.