控释肥施用对带状复合种植黑豆和谷子农艺性状及产量的影响

Effects of Controlled-release Fertilizer Application on Agronomic Characters and Yield in Strip Compound Cropping System of Black Soybean and Millet

为筛选出带状复合种植中的高效施肥模式,通过3 a田间定位试验研究了不同施肥模式对带状复合种植中黑豆和谷子的农艺性状及产量的影响。试验将黑豆与谷子各设置4个施肥模式,分别为不施氮肥处理(CK),常规施肥处理(CF),控释肥设追肥处理(DN+/GN+),控释肥一次性基施处理(DN/GN),黑豆选用低氮控释肥,谷子选用高氮控释肥。结果表明:(1)苗期各黑豆与拔节期谷子处理的干物重差异不显著,其他生育时期控释追肥和控释一次性基施处理的干物重显著增加,且两者之间差异不显著。(2)成熟期时,与常规施肥处理相比,控释肥基施处理与控释肥追肥处理的黑豆和谷子干物重分别提高了3.53%~11.76%、14.10%~30.42%。控释肥追肥处理与控释肥基施处理显著提高了带状复合种植中黑豆与谷子的产量及其构成因素,产量较常规施肥分别提高了11.77%~19.39%、9.77%~12.63%,控释氮肥一次性基施的效果与控释肥追肥处理之间无显著差异。因此,黑豆与谷子带状复合种植中宜推广省工高效的控释肥一次性基施。

In order to select the high-efficiency fertilization mode in the belt compound planting,the effects of different fertilization modes on the agronomic characters and yield of black bean and millet in the belt compound planting were studied through the 3-year field experiment.In this study,four fertilization models were set up for black soybean and millet,respectively,including no nitrogen fertilizer(CK),conventional fertilization(CF),topdressing for controlled-release fertilizer(DN+/GN+),one-time basal application of controlled-release fertilizer(DN/GN).Low nitrogen controlled-release fertilizer was used for black soybean,and high nitrogen controlled release fertilizer was used for millet.The results showed that:(1)There was no significant difference in dry matter weight among treatments at seedling stage,and the dry matter weight of DN+/GN+and DN/GN at other growth stages was significantly higher than that of CF and CK.There was no significant difference between DN+/GN+and DN/GN.(2)At maturity,compared with CF,the dry weight of black soybean millet treated with DN/GN and DN+/GN+increased by 3.53%~11.76%and 14.10%~30.42%,and the yield and its components of black soybean millet treated with DN+/GN+and DN/GN were increased by 11.77%~19.39%and 9.77%~12.63%compared with CF.There was no significant difference between DN/GN and DN+/GN+.Therefore,the DN/GN should be popularized in strip compound cropping system of black soybean and millet.