计及容量补偿的燃煤发电价格机制设计——基于四川省实际数据对燃煤发电多类成本及电价测算

Design of Coal-fired Power Generation Price Mechanism with Capacity Compensation——Calculation of various costs and prices of coal-fired power generation based on the actual data of Sichuan Province

近年来,我国燃煤发电企业面临电煤价格波动、电量竞争、电价下调等内外部压力,合理的燃煤发电价格机制有利于调动燃煤发电机组参与系统调节,并保障其合理收益。首先,本文基于平均成本和搁浅成本视角,构建燃煤发电的成本模型;其次,在成本核算的基础上,提出燃煤发电的电价机制下上下浮动范围计算方法,及两部制电价机制下单位电量电价和容量补偿测算方法;最后,基于四川省实际数据进行燃煤发电的多类成本及电价试算。实证分析结果表明:本文提出的成本核算方法及电价机制能够在合理测算燃煤发电实际成本的基础上,测算电价上下浮动范围及两部制电价的容量补偿水平,从而为现阶段燃煤发电上网价格提供参考。

In recent years,China's coal-fired power generation enterprises have faced internal and external pressures such as fluctuations in coal prices,electricity competition,and electricity price reductions.A reasonable coal-fired power generation price mechanism is conducive to mobilizing coal-fired power generation units to participate in system regulation and to ensure their reasonable returns.Firstly,this article constructs a cost model for coal-fired power generation based on the perspectives of average cost and grounding cost;Secondly,based on cost accounting,a calculation method for the fluctuation range of coal-fired power generation under the electricity price mechanism is proposed,as well as a calculation method for unit electricity price and capacity compensation under the two-part electricity price mechanism;Finally,based on the actual data of Sichuan Province,the trial calculation of various costs and electricity prices of coal-fired power generation is carried out.The empirical analysis results indicate that the cost accounting method and electricity price mechanism proposed in this article can calculate the fluctuation range of electricity prices and the capacity compensation level of the two-part electricity price based on the reasonable calculation of the actual cost of coal-fired power generation,thus providing reference for the current on-grid price of coal-fired power generation.