高高原受限空间内小尺度油池火燃烧特性试验研究

Experimental study on the combustion characteristics of small size oil pool fires in confined spaces in high plateaus

为研究我国高高原地区的受限空间内液体燃料小尺度油池火燃烧特性,在高高原康定机场自主搭建受限空间内油池火的试验平台。共选取3类典型液体燃料(航空煤油、航空汽油、正庚烷)进行燃烧试验,测量火焰高度、火焰温度和烟气成分等变化规律,研究了高高原受限空间内小尺度油池火行为。研究发现:在高高原地区,正庚烷稳定燃烧阶段的平均火焰高度可以通过模型L/D=k+0.254Q^(2/5)/D表示,其中,火焰高度与压力之间的关系式为L/D~p^(-2/9)。3种燃料的火焰最高温度均超过600℃,而羽流轴线温升与火焰高度呈现-5/3的指数关系。产烟速率则表现出对环境压力的依赖性,其关系可表示为:v~p^(-1/3)。

To study the combustion characteristics of small-scale oil pool fires of liquid fuels in confined spaces in high plateau areas of China,a test platform for oil pool fires in confined spaces was built under high plateau conditions at Kangding Airport.Three types of typical liquid fuels(aviation paraffin,aviation gasoline and n-heptane)were selected for combustion tests,and the changes in flame height,flame temperature and smoke composi-tion were measured to study the behaviour of small-scale oil pool fires in confined spaces on high plateaus.The results show that:the average flame height model for the stable stage of n-heptane in the plateau region is derived:L/D=k+0.254Q25/D,the rela-tionship between flame height and pressure is L/D~p^(-2/9);the maximum flame temperature of all three fuels exceeds 600℃,the plume axis temperature rise and flame height is-5/3 exponential relationship;the ambient pressure dependence of smoke produc-tion rate is:v~p^(-1/3).