2008-2022年某市农药中毒病例回顾性分析

Retrospective analysis of pesticide poisoning in a city from 2008 to 2022

目的分析泸州市农药中毒特点,为预防和减少农药中毒发生提供依据。方法从“中国疾病预防控制中心职业病及健康危害因素监测系统”导出2008-2022年泸州市农药中毒病例进行分析。结果2008-2022年泸州市共报告中毒2899例,其中死亡86例,病死率为2.97%;男性1496例,女性1403例,男女病死率无差异;人群以30~79岁为主,病死率随年龄增长而增长(χ^(2)趋势=29.027,P<0.01);自服病死率(3.81%)高于误服(1.25%)(χ^(2)=12.589,P<0.01);病死率随年份增加而下降(χ^(2)趋势=32.553,P<0.01);发生地区以古蔺县和泸县为主,病死率最高为泸县(6.17%)和纳溪区(5.68%),区县间病死率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=41.956,P<0.05);中毒农药主要为杀虫剂(62.81%)和除草剂(26.56%),病死率最高为对硫磷(20%)。结论2008-2022年泸州市农药中毒流行病学特征为经济欠发达县城高发,以30岁以上自服为主。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pesticide poisoning in Luzhou city,and provide a scientific basis for preventing and reducing the occurrence of pesticide poisoning.Methods The information on pesticide poisoning cases in Luzhou City from 2008 to 2022,derived from the Occupational Disease and Occupational Health Center Monitoring System of China’s Disease Control and Prevention Information System,was analyzed.Results During the study period,2899 cases of pesticide poisoning were reported in Luzhou,including 86 deaths with a case fatality rate of 2.97%.Among them,there were 1496 male cases and 1403 women.There was no significant difference in fatality between men and women(χ^(2)=1.516,P>0.05).Most cases were aged 30-79 years,and the case fatality rate increased with age(χ^(2)=29.027,P<0.01).The fatality rate of intentiona(l 3.81%)was higher than that of unintentional(1.25%)(χ^(2)=12.589,P<0.01).The case fatality rate fluctuated and decreased with the year(χ^(2)=32.553,P<0.01).Gulin County and Luxian County reported the most cases.However,the two highest fatality rates occurred in Luxian County(6.17%)and Naxi District(5.68%),with different fatality rates among all districts(χ^(2)=41.956,P<0.05).Pesticide types inducing poisoning were mainly insecticides(62.81%)and herbicides(26.56%),and the pesticide type with the top fatality rate was parathion(20%).Conclusion The epidemiological characteristics of pesticide poisoning in Luzhou from 2008 to 2022 were high prevelance in underdeveloped areas,with intentional poisoning mainly in people over 30 years old.