我国普惠性幼儿园发展评估:现状与对策

Evaluation on the Development of Puhui Kindergartens in China

使用《普惠性幼儿园发展评价量表》对我国14个省、自治区、直辖市的34806名来自普惠性幼儿园的家长、教师、园长进行问卷调查,以对普惠性幼儿园的发展作出全面系统的评估,研究发现:普惠性幼儿园的质量评价相对最优,收费有效降低,但还存在公共财政投入结构性分配失衡,普惠性幼儿园弱势补偿性欠缺,园际间“马太效应”仍然严峻等公平性问题。政府应建立科学的普惠性幼儿园生均公用经费财政拨款制度;配套弱势儿童优先入园制度和资助体系;推动普惠性幼儿园一体化建设;逐步推动幼儿园等级制度改革。

To comprehensively and systematically evaluate the effectiveness of Puhui kindergartens(PhKs)of early childhood education,altogether 34806 randomly selected samples including parents,kindergarten teachers,and principals from 14 provinces in China were surveyed and completed the Puhui Kindergarten Rating Scale in this study.The results showed that the quality of PhKs was positively evaluated and the tuition fees had effectively decreased.However,the imbalanced structure of financial allocation,weak function in educational compensation for disadvantaged children,and the Matthew Effect between different kindergartens were still ongoing challenges,reflecting severe structural issues and equity problems.We suggest that the government should establish the financial allocation system of public expenditure per child;implement the enrollment priority and subsidy system for the disadvantaged children;promote the integrated development of PhKs;gradually promote the kindergarten grading system reform.