谋开放新篇 育强国优师--《教育部关于实施国家优秀中小学教师培养计划的意见》解读

Bringing a New Chapter of Openness and Cultivating Great Teachers in a Great Country:An Interpretation of the National Plan for the Training of Excellent Teachers in Primary and Secondary School

2023年7月教育部制定了国家优秀中小学教师培养计划(以下简称“国优计划”),旨在以“双一流”建设高校为依托,选拔培养专业成绩优秀且乐教适教的理工类学科人才,从而为基础教育事业培养和输送高质量的优秀教师。“国优计划”的出台,一方面是对教师教育历史政策实践,即推动教师教育向高质量发展模式转变,以及健全以开放、协同、联动为主要特点的现代教师教育体系的继承与延续;另一方面是为推动新时代教育强国、科技强国、人才强国建设和契合基础教育发展新形势所制定的创新发展路径,即构建多主体联动,贯通本研、职前职后一体化培养模式,实现“优秀人才”向“优秀教师”转化,切实解决教师队伍建设中存在的学科结构不均衡、培养层次不高等方面的问题,从源头上强化拔尖创新人才的培养。为此,对“国优计划”的政策实施路径提出以下建议:促进政策主体的外部行动协同与内部治理优化;规范研制人才选拔标准与培养方案;建立和健全面向政策实施的专业评估与跟踪监测机制;建立与政策相配套的培训与试点经验交流机制。

In July 2023,the Ministry of Education of China initiated the National Plan for the Training of Excellent Primary and Secondary School Teachers(referred to as the“National Excellence Plan”or NEP).This plan is primarily aimed at fostering high-quality educators for the basic education by selecting and training academically excellent and teaching-enthusiastic science and engineering talents,particularly leveraging the resources of universities engaged in the“Double First-Class”initiative.The NEP represents a dual approach:on the one hand,it is an extension and continuation of the historical policy in teacher education,aimed at shifting towards high-quality development and establishing a Chinese teacher education system characterized by flexibility,diversity,openness,and coordinated interaction.On the other hand,it presents an innovative developmental path aligning with the new era s goals of becoming a nation strong in talents,education,and science and technology.This involves creating an integrated,multi-stakeholder,pre-and post-qualification integrated training model that facilitates the transformation of“excellent talents”into“excellent teachers”.The NEP addresses existing issues in teacher team development,such as imbalanced disciplinary structures and insufficient training levels,by strengthening the cultivation of top-tier innovative talents from the ground up.To ensure the effective implementation of the NEP,it is crucial to clearly define the responsibilities of policy stakeholders,standardize the criteria for talent selection and training plans,establish comprehensive monitoring and evaluation mechanisms,and share and solidify the gains from pilot experiences.