心电图在扩张型心肌病诊断中的应用价值

Application value of electrocardiogram in the diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy

目的探讨心电图(ECG)在扩张型心肌病(DCM)诊断中的应用价值。方法抽取2021年10月至2023年8月济南市第二人民医院收治的78例疑似DCM患者为研究对象,所有患者均接受ECG检查,记录并对比疑似DCM患者ECG检查结果及临床综合诊断结果,以其临床综合诊断结果为依据计算ECG诊断扩张型心肌病的敏感性、特异性、符合率;记录疑似DCM患者中经由临床综合诊断确诊为DCM的患者ECG改变,包括ST-T改变、传导阻滞、左室肥大、左房肥大、心房颤动、室性早搏、窦性心动过缓、窦性心动过速、异常Q波、房性早搏等。结果 78例疑似DCM患者经ECG检查阳性率为66.67%(52/78),临床综合诊断阳性率为69.23%(54/78),两者比较差异未见统计学意义(P>0.05)。ECG诊断DCM的敏感性、特异性、符合率分别为92.59%(50/54)、91.67%(22/24)、92.31%(72/78);54例确诊的DCM患者ECG检出ST-T改变所占比例最高,为51.85%(28/54)。结论 ECG应用于辅助诊断DCM的敏感性、特异性、准确率均较高。

Objective To investigate the role of electrocardiogram(ECG)in the diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM).Methods A total of 78 patients with suspected DCM admitted to Jinan Second People’s Hospital from October 2021 to August 2023 were selected as the objects of the study.All selected patients received ECG examination.And the ECG examination results and comprehensive clinical diagnosis results of the 78 patients with suspected DCM were recorded and compared.Based on the comprehensive clinical diagnosis results,sensitivity,specificity,coincidence rate of ECG in the diagnosis of DCM were calculated.The electrocardiographic alterations in patients suspected of having DCM and subsequently diagnosed with DCM through comprehensive clinical diagnosis were observed,including ST-T changes,conduction block,left ventricular hypertrophy,left atrial enlargement,atrial fibrillation,ventricular premature contractions,sinus bradycardia,sinus tachycardia,abnormal Q wave,atrial premature contractions.Results Among the 78 suspected DCM patients,the positive rate of ECG examination was 66.67%(52/78),while the positive rate of clinical comprehensive diagnosis was 69.23%(54/78).There was no statistically significant difference in positive rate between the two methods of diagnosis(P>0.05).The sensitivity,specificity and coincidence rate of ECG were 92.59%(50/54),91.67%(22/24)and 92.31%(72/78),respectively.Among the 54 patients with DCM diagnosed by comprehensive clinical diagnosis,the proportion of patients with ST-T changes detected by ECG were the highest(51.85%,28/54).Conclusions The application of ECG in auxiliary diagnosis of DCM has a high sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy.