湖北省国土空间“三生”功能权衡特征及影响因素分析

Analysis of the Trade-off Pattern and Influencing Factors Among Production-Living-Ecological Functions of Territorial Space in Hubei Province

[目的]阐明湖北省“三生”功能之间的关系及其影响因素对国土空间布局的作用,为优化国土空间开发保护格局提供理论支持。[方法]遵循“功能评价—关系量化—机制识别”的框架,基于格网尺度评价“三生”功能,采用均方根误差(RMSE)模型和地理探测模型等方法分别探究了空间功能权衡关系的时空演变格局及其驱动因素,突破了既有研究对微观尺度上空间功能关系动态演变研究不足的局限。[结果](1)2000—2020年,区域生产功能和生活功能不断提高,其中武汉市“高”等和鄂西山区“低”等区域变化显著,分别扩张了538.54 km^(2),14207.47 km^(2);整体生态功能减弱,四大山区“高”等区域降低尤为凸显,年均减少1009.50 km^(2)。(2)研究期间,生产-生活功能权衡强度呈“Λ”形演变特征,空间布局呈“低值区扩张、高值区收缩”态势,尤以随州市中西部和武汉市主城区较为显著;生产-生态功能权衡强度和生活-生态功能权衡强度变化规律相似,均呈倒“N”字形演变趋势,但空间分布格局差异明显,分别呈“中间高、四周低”的分布规律和中心-外围的空间布局。(3)2000—2005年、2005—2010年、2010—2015年和2015—2020年,“一主两副”主城区、武汉城市圈部分县区和鄂西山区生产-生活功能权衡指数的动态变化尤为凸显;生产-生态功能权衡指数变化和生活-生态功能权衡指数变化显著区主要分布在湖北省四大山区和江汉平原部分县区。(4)人口密度、GDP和人类活动强度是国土空间功能权衡关系的主要驱动因子。[结论]湖北省“三生”功能之间协同水平整体呈提升态势,社会经济活动对“三生”功能协调发展的影响较大,后续应因地制宜加强国土空间调控与管理。

[Objective]The aims of this study are to elucidate the relationship between the production-living-ecological functions in Hubei Province and the role of their influencing factors on the spatial layout of the territorial space,and to provide theoretical support for optimizing the development and protection pattern of the territorial space.[Methods]The framework of‘function evaluation-quantification of relationships-identification of mechanisms’was follows to evaluate the production-living-ecology functions based on the grid scale,and the root mean square error(RMSE)model and geographical detector model were used to explore the spatiotemporal pattern and influencing factors of spatial functional trade-off relationships,respectively,which broke through the limitations of existing studies on the dynamic evolution of spatial function relationships at the microscopic scale.[Results](1)From 2000 to 2020,the production and living functions of the region had been improved,with significant changes in the high areas of Wuhan City and low areas of the western mountainous areas of Hubei,expanding by 538.54 km^(2)and 14207.47 km^(2)respectively.The overall ecological function had weakened,and the reduction in the high areas of the four mountainous regions had been marked,with an average annual decrease of 1009.50 km^(2).(2)During the study period,the intensity of production-living function trade-off was characterized by a‘Λ’-shaped evolution,and the spatial layout showed an‘expansion of low-value areas and contraction of high-value areas’,especially in the central and western parts of Suizhou City and the main urban area of Wuhan City.The change patterns of production-ecological function intensity and living-ecological function intensity were similar,with an inverted N-shaped evolution trend,but the spatial distribution pattern differed significantly,showing a‘high in the middle and low around’distribution pattern and a center-periphery spatial layout,respectively.(3)In 2000—2005,2005—2010,2010—2015,and 2015—2020,the dynamic changes of the production-life function trade-off index were especially prominent in the main urban areas of one provincial center of Wuhan and two provincial sub-centers of Xiangyang and Yichang,some counties and districts of Wuhan Metropolitan Area and mountainous areas of western Hubei Province.The significant changes of production-ecological function trade-off index and living-ecological function trade-off index mainly distributed in four mountainous areas and some counties and districts of Jianghan Plain in Hubei Province.(4)Population density,GDP,and human activity intensity were the main drivers of the territorial spatial functional trade-off relationship.[Conclusion]The overall level of synergy among the production-living-ecological functions in Hubei Province is improving,and socio-economic activities have a greater impact on the coordinated development of the production-living-ecological functions,which should be followed up by strengthening the territorial space control and management in accordance with the local conditions.