轴流泵在叶轮和泵壳间隙不足情况下运行的碰磨振动特性研究

Research on the Vibration Characteristics of Axial Flow Pump Running under the Condition of Insufficient Clearance between the Impeller and the Pump Casing

为提高水泵碰磨故障的诊断效率,以轴流泵在叶轮和泵壳间隙不足情况下运行的碰磨振动特性为研究对象,根据轴流泵发生碰磨时的受力情况,分析了其受到离心力、水体对叶轮的反作用力、碰撞摩擦力和各种激励外力的作用下产生的异常振动的振动特性,并用数值模拟和模型试验加以验证。得出了叶轮和泵壳间隙不足时,轴流泵的碰磨振动特性主要表现在频谱图中各整数倍频较为突出,奇数倍频和叶频的整数倍频相对其他频率更为突出,存在杂频和高频成分,当碰磨较为严重时,可以看到1/2倍频等分频成分等结论。研究成果在水泵振动特性研究和泵站故障诊断方面有一定的指导意义。

In order to improve the diagnosis efficiency of water pump rub-impact failure,the vibration characteristics of axial flow pump operating under the condition of insufficient clearance between impeller and pump housing are taken as the research object.According to the force situation of the axial flow pump during rub-impact collision,the vibration characteristics of abnormal vibration caused by centrifugal force,the reaction force of water on impeller,the collision friction force and various exciting external forces are analyzed.And they are verified by numerical simulation and model test.It is concluded that when the clearance between the impeller and the pump housing is insufficient,the rub-impact vibration characteristics of axial-flow pump are mainly manifested in the integer multiples of the frequency spectrum diagram.The odd multiples and the integer multiples of the blade frequency are more prominent than other frequencies.There are noise frequency and high frequency components.When the friction is more severe,you can see 1/2 frequency bisecting frequency components.The research results have certain guiding significance in the research on pump vibration characteristics and pump station fault diagnosis.