2013—2022年无锡市惠山区其他感染性腹泻病流行特征分析

Analysis of epidemic characteristics of other infectious diarrheal diseases in Huishan district of Wuxi city,2013-2022

目的了解2013—2022年江苏省无锡市惠山区其他感染性腹泻病流行特征,为制订防治策略提供科学依据。方法应用描述流行病学方法分析其他感染性腹泻病疫情资料,以卡方检验比较率的差异、P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果2013—2022年无锡市惠山区其他感染性腹泻病报告发病数为3176例,年均发病率为42.74/10万,发病率2021年最高75.87/10万、2013年最低18.10/10万,年报告发病率呈现波浪型上升趋势(趋势χ^(2)=178.592,P<0.001)。12月至次年3月为发病高峰,共报告发病1817例、占57.21%;发病率居前3位地区分别为阳山镇115.23/10万、玉祁街道84.04/10万和前洲街道48.60/10万;年均报告发病率男性46.02/10万高于女性39.04/10万;发病年龄主要集中在10岁以下、占80.79%,其中1岁~组报告发病率最高1508.52/10万;散居儿童最多1917例、占60.36%,其次为学生579例、占18.23%,第三为幼托儿童436例、占13.73%。优势毒株为诺如病毒和轮状病毒、占明确病毒感染确诊病例总数的95.06%。结论其他感染性腹泻病发病有明显的年龄、季节差异,职业以散居儿童、学生和托幼儿童为主;应重点加强幼儿园和学校等人群密集场所的疫情监测和宣传教育,规范处置散发疫情,防止暴发流行。

Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of other infectious diarrheal diseases in Huishan district of Wuxi city from 2013 to 2022,and provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies.Methods The epidemic materials of other infectious diarrhea diseases were analyzed with descriptive epidemiological method in Huishan district of Wuxi city from 2013 to 2022.The differences of the rates were tested by Chi-suqare test,and the difference was statistically significant if P<0.05.Results There were 3176 cases with other infectious diarrheal diseases reported in Huishan district of Wuxi city from 2013 to 2022,with average annual incidence rate of 42.74/100000.The incidence rate was the highest in 2021(75.87/100000)and the lowest in 2013(18.10/100000),and showed wave-like upward trend(trendχ^(2)=178.592,P<0.001).The peak of incidence was from December to March of next year,and totally 1817 cases were reported during this period,accounting for 57.21%.The top three areas as the incidence rates were Yangshan town(115.23/100000),Yuqi street(84.04/100000)and Qianzhou street(48.60/100000).The average annual reported incidence rate of the male(46.02/100000)was higher than that of the female(39.04/100000).The age of onset was mainly under 10 years old,accounting for 80.79%.Of which,the incidence rate was the highest(1508.52/100000)in age group of 1 year.Most cases(1917 cases)were scattered children,accounting for 60.36%,followed by students(579 cases),accounting for 18.23%,and kindergarten children(436 cases),accounting for 13.73%.Norovirus and rotavirus were the dominant strains,accounting for 95.06%of the total confirmed cases of definite viral infection.Conclusions The incidence of other infectious diarrheal diseases shows obvious difference in ages and seasons.The cases of scattered children,students and kindergarten children are the main.The epidemic surveillance,publicity and education should be strengthened in the places with crowd persons,such as kindergartens and schools.The handling of sporadic prevalence should be standardized to prevent outbreaks.