水凝胶材料在颌骨修复中的作用研究进展

Research progress of hydrogel materials in jaw repair

颌骨损伤是一种以外伤为主的常见疾病,可影响颜面部美观及导致运动功能障碍,使咀嚼、发音等功能受限。目前的临床治疗措施主要以外科手术为主,但是存在手术创伤大、缺损愈合慢等缺点。水凝胶材料的应用可加快颌骨损伤的愈合,因此有着广阔的临床应用前景。水凝胶不仅可以搭载相关的生长因子及药物,同时还可以起到生物支架的作用,充填因损伤造成的颌骨缺失,从而可以促进颌骨修复。目前颌面部水凝胶可以应用于颞下颌关节软骨修复、颌骨缺损修复及部分颌骨癌症治疗等。本文就水凝胶的类型、促进颌骨修复的原理及在颌骨修复中的研究进展进行综述,以便为临床选择提供参考。

Jaw injury is a common trauma disease that influences facial beauty and causes motor dysfunction,leading to limited functionality of chewing and pronunciation.At present,surgical procedures are the major clinical treatment of jaw injury,although they have disadvantages like big trauma and slow healing of defects.The application of hydrogel materials can accelerate the healing of jaw injuries,exerting a broad clinical application prospect.Hydrogel not only carries relevant growth factors and drugs,but also acts as a biological scaffold to fill the jaw loss caused by injury,thereby promoting jaw repair.At present,maxillofacial hydrogel can be applied to temporomandibular joint cartilage repair,jaw defect repair,and partial jaw cancer treatment.This article reviews the types of hydrogels,the principles of promoting jaw repair,and the research progress in jaw repair,thus providing references for clinical selection.