我国学前教育高质量发展的多组态路径——基于DPSIR框架的模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)

Research on the Configurational Paths of Chinese High-quality Development of Preschool Education——A Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis Based on DPSIR Framework

文章基于DPSIR框架设计评价指标体系对区域学前教育高质量发展水平进行评价,以熵权-TOPSIS计算指标权重和综合得分,结合模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)进行组态路径分析。研究发现:(1)我国学前教育高质量发展水平呈现由东向西递减的趋势,除东部外,中部与西部区域学前教育高质量发展水平均值均低于全国均值;(2)基于DPSIR框架的区域学前教育发展系统驱动学前教育高质量发展具有“多重并发”与非对称性的特点;(3)存在两条高水平组态路径与3条非高水平组态路径,多条组态路径殊途同归,且高水平组态与非高水平组态处于非对称状态;(4)东部、中部与西部组态路径存在一定差异,三大区域学前教育高质量发展均离不开状态因子与响应因子的支持。为此,要完善机制体制建设,为学前教育发展提供保障;因地制宜制定发展策略,以协同路径驱动学前教育高质量发展;聚焦区域重点,以重点发展引领区域学前教育高质量发展。

Based on the DPSIR framework,this paper designs an evaluation index system to evaluate the high-quality development level of regional preschool education.It calculates the index weight and composite scores using the entropy-weighted Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution(TOPSIS)method and analyzes the configu-rational path by combining fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis(fsQCA).The findings are as fllows:(1)The high-quality development level of preschool education in China shows a decreasing trend from east to west.The average level of high-quality development of preschool education in the central and western regions is lower than the national average,ex-cept for the eastern region.(2)The regional preschool education development system based on the DPSIR framework drives high-quality development of preschool education with characteristics of"multiple concurrency"and asymmetry.(3)There are two high-level configurational paths and three non-high-level configurational paths.Multiple configurational paths"All roads lead to Rome"and the high-level configurational and non-high-level configurational are in an asymmetrical state.(4)There are certain differences in the configurational paths of the eastern,central,and western regions.The high-quality development of preschool education in these three regions cannot be separated from the support of state and response fac-tors.Therefore,it is necessary to improve the construction of mechanisms and systems to provide a guarantee for the devel-opment of preschool education.Formulate development strategies according to local conditions to drive high-quality devel-opment of preschool education with collaborative paths.Focus on regional priorities and lead the high-quality development of regional preschool education with crucial development.