甲状腺激素敏感性与营养代谢的研究进展

Clinical research on sensitivity to thyroid hormones and its association with nutrition and metabolism:progress and perspectives

甲状腺激素对于机体的能量代谢至关重要,甲状腺功能异常与多种代谢性疾病关系密切。然而,由于甲状腺激素与营养状况和代谢问题的关系十分复杂,仅依靠甲状腺功能指标进行评估会产生一定的欠缺。甲状腺激素敏感性是对传统的甲状腺功能有一定补充作用的指标,包括游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸与游离甲状腺素比值、促甲状腺激素细胞-T4抵抗指数、促甲状腺激素指数和甲状腺反馈分位数指数。研究表明,甲状腺激素敏感性受损可能与代谢综合征、心血管疾病、骨质疏松、维生素D缺乏等营养代谢问题有关。这些营养代谢问题,不仅甲状腺功能异常者需要关注,对于甲状腺功能正常的人群,也可以通过甲状腺激素敏感性受损指标来评估代谢相关风险,从而进行有效防治。该文对甲状腺激素性与营养状况或代谢性疾病相关的研究进行了系统回顾,综述了甲状腺激素敏感性受损与营养代谢风险的关系。

Thyroid hormones are crucial for energy metabolism.Thyroid dysfunction is closely related to a variety of metabolic disorders.However,evaluation relying solely on thyroid function indicators may come up short,considering the complex relationship between thyroid hormones and metabolic issues.There has been a growing recognition of sensitivity to thyroid hormones as a measure of thyroid function complementary to traditional indices.The indicators of thyroid hormone sensitivity include free triiodothyronine/free thyroxine,thyrotroph thyroxine resistance index,thyroid-stimulating hormone index and thyroid feedback quantile-cased index.It has been reported that impaired sensitivity to thyroid hormones can potentially interact with various nutritional imbalances and metabolic abnormalities,such as metabolic syndrome,osteoporosis and decreased vitamin D,which are not only of concern to those with thyroid dysfunction,but also to euthyroid individuals in terms of prevention and prophylaxis.With the aim of providing comprehensive insights,this review is intended to systematically summarize the existing evidence on the association between sensitivity to thyroid hormones and metabolic disorders.