和美乡村建设与旅游城镇化协调关系及障碍因子识别——以武陵山区为例

Coordination relationship and identification of obstacle factorsbetween harmonious and beautiful rural construction andtourism urbanization:Take Wuling Mountain Area as an example

以“要素→结构→功能”为逻辑主线探讨和美乡村建设与旅游城镇化的耦合协调机理,采用改进的耦合协调模型、基尼系数、Tapio脱钩指数及障碍度模型,分析2002—2021年武陵山区5个中心城市和美乡村建设与旅游城镇化的耦合协调水平、区域差异及障碍因素。结果表明:(1)武陵山区和美乡村建设水平与旅游城镇化水平呈现波动上升的发展态势,旅游城镇化增速低于和美乡村建设;区域存在明显的不均衡现象,张家界市旅游城镇化水平居于首位,铜仁市和美乡村建设水平最高。(2)和美乡村建设与旅游城镇化呈现耦合互馈特征,实现从基本协调到中度协调的类型转换,空间差异先缩小后扩大,2018—2019年协调状态稳定性较强,但短期内难以跃迁至优质协调阶段;各市州耦合协调度发展趋势一致,呈现“怀化市>张家界市>恩施州>湘西州>铜仁市”的态势。(3)和美乡村建设与旅游城镇化之间存在正向促进作用,脱钩类型以扩张性负脱钩和弱脱钩为主。文化振兴与社会福利是制约武陵山区和美乡村建设与旅游城镇化协调关系的主要障碍因素。

Taking"elements➝structure➝function"as the logical main line,we try to explorethe coupling and coordination mechanism of harmonious and beautiful rural construction andtourism urbanization.The improved coupling and coordination model,Gini coefficient andTapio decoupling index are used to analyze the coupling and coordination level,regionaldifferences and obstacle factors of the five central cities in the Wuling Mountain Area in theperiod of 2002-2021.The results show that:(1)The level of harmonious and beautiful countrysideand tourism urbanization show a fluctuating upward trend,the growth rate of tourism urbanizationis lower than that of harmonious and beautiful countryside,and there is an obvious imbalancein the region.Among them,Zhangjiajie city has the highest level of tourism urbanization,andTongren city has the highest level of harmonious and beautiful countryside.(2)Harmoniousand beautiful rural construction and tourism urbanization present coupling and mutual feedbackcharacteristics,realizing the type transition from basic to moderate coordination,with spatialdifferences narrowing first and then expanding,and the stability of the coordination state isstronger in 2018-2019,but it is difficult to leap to the stage of high-quality coordination in theshort term;the trend of the degree of coordination in each city and state is consistent,showingthat"Huaihua city>Zhangjiajie city>Enshi prefecture>Xiangxi prefecture>Tongren city".(3)Thereis a positive facilitating effect between the construction of harmonious and beautifulcountryside and tourism urbanization,with expansive negative decoupling and weak decouplingas the main types.Cultural revitalization and social welfare are the main obstacle factorsrestricting the coordination between harmonious and beautiful rural construction and tourismurbanization in the Wuling Mountain Area.