乳腺癌病人的归因方式及影响因素分析

Analysis of attributional style and its influencing factors in breast cancer patients

目的:分析乳腺癌病人的归因方式及其影响因素。方法:选取433例女性乳腺癌病人为研究对象,采用一般情况调查表、归因方式问卷、10条目心理韧性量表和医学应对方式问卷进行问卷调查,分析乳腺癌病人归因方式的影响因素。结果:乳腺癌病人的归因方式总分为(0.05±1.34)分,明显低于国内常模得分(1.13±0.86)分(P<0.01)。乳腺癌病人归因方式总分在不同年龄、受教育程度、家庭人均月收入、是否为新诊病例、病程、临床分期、新辅助化疗、手术治疗、化疗及放疗病人间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05~P<0.01)。Pearson相关分析结果显示,乳腺癌病人的心理韧性、面对应对与归因方式均呈明显正相关关系(P<0.01),屈服应对与归因方式呈明显负相关关系(P<0.01)。受教育程度、是否为新诊病例、临床分期、心理韧性得分、面对应对得分和屈服应对得分均为乳腺癌病人归因方式的影响因素(P<0.05~P<0.01)。结论:乳腺癌病人的归因方式倾向消极,医护人员可采取心理干预措施,帮助病人改善心理韧性和应对方式,以积极转变其归因方式。

Objective:To analyze the attributional style of breast cancer patients and its influencing factors.Methods:A total of 433 female patients with breast cancer were selected as the study subjects.A questionnaire survey was performed by the general information questionnaire,attributional style questionnaire,10-item Connor-Davidson resilience scale and medical coping modes questionnaire to analyze the influencing factors of attribution style of breast cancer patients.Results:The total score of attributional style of breast cancer patients was(0.05±1.34)points,which was significantly lower than that of(1.13±0.86)points in the domestic norm(P<0.01).There were statistically significant differences in the total score of attributional style of breast cancer patients with different ages,education level,per capita monthly income of families,newly diagnosed cases or not,disease duration,clinical stage,neoadjuvant chemotherapy,surgical treatment,chemotherapy and radiotherapy(P<0.05 to P<0.01).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the attributional style of breast cancer patients was significantly positively correlated with psychological resilience and coping style of confrontation(P<0.01),and significantly negatively correlated with coping style of resignation(P<0.01).Education level,newly diagnosed cases or not,clinical stage,psychological resilience score,coping style of confrontation score and coping style of resignation score were the influencing factors of attributional style of breast cancer patients(P<0.05 to P<0.01).Conclusions:The attributional style of breast cancer patients tends to be negative.Medical staff can take psychological intervention measures to help patients improve their psychological resilience and coping style,so as to positively change the attributional style.