民众对司法判决的认同与信赖——基于认知实验的研究

Public's Recognition of and Trust in the Judicial Decision-making

从法学、心理学、传媒科学等交叉学科的角度研究司法公信力,揭示信息社会中民众对待司法的认知态度,有助于在更深层次上理解民众与司法的关系,推动我国司法公信力建设。采用法律认知实验方法,让1326名被试在不同的启动信息条件下对50个案例中的商标组进行形式混淆判定,所得实验数据和统计结果表明,民众对司法判决有较高的认同度和信赖度;媒体关于法律问题的意见会对民众判断产生影响,但司法判决对民众判断的影响力总体上高于媒体意见对民众判断的影响力。将问卷调查和认知实验结合起来,结果显示,被试对解决商标侵权问题有强烈的司法诉求、对司法应实现公平正义有着强烈的理念认同,而根据回归分析,这两者的强度可以比较好地解释被试对法院判决的信赖感。这进一步说明,司法只要能解决好民众急难愁盼的问题,并让民众感受到公平正义,就可以提升其公信力。

Conducting studies on the judicial credibility from an interdisciplinary perspective of law,psychology,and communication science would reveal the cognitive attitudes of the public towards judici-ary in the digital era and is conducive to the understanding of the relationship of the public and judiciary at a deeper level.With a cognitive-experimental method,1,326 subjects under different informational conditions were prompted to judge the formal confusion of trademark in 50 different cases.The experi-mental data and statistical results indicate that the public exhibits relatively high recognition of and trust in judicial judgment,and the media's opinions on legal issues affect the public's judgment to some ex-tent.However,the influence of judicial verdicts on the public's judgment is generally stronger than that of the media.By combining questionnaire research and cognitive experiments,the research shows that subjects not only expressed strong demands for judicial authorities to better solve the issue of trademark infringement,but also displayed a strong appreciation of the judicial value of achieving greater fairness and justice.According to the regression analysis,these two factors can significantly explain the subjects trust in judicial judgment.It further means that judiciary can enhance the credibility as long as it better addresses the public's urgent concerns and enables the public to have a deep experience of fairness and justice.