补充糖源对储粮害虫优势寄生性天敌麦蛾茧蜂寄生效率的影响

Influences of Saccharides Supplementation on Parasitic Efficiency of Dominant Parasitic Natural Enemy of Stored Grain Pest,Habrobracon hebetor Say(Hymenoptera:Braconidae)

利用优势寄生性天敌进行储粮害虫生物防治是解决化学防治面临挑战的重要途径之一。补充糖源是进行寄生蜂扩繁和增强寄生蜂寄生效率的有效方式。以不同质量分数(10%、20%、30%、40%和50%)的葡萄糖、蔗糖和蜂蜜作为初羽化麦蛾茧蜂的补充营养,统计5 d内寄主被寄生率、麦蛾茧蜂产卵量和羽化率,明确最有利于麦蛾茧蜂寄生的糖源种类和质量分数。研究结果表明,葡萄糖、蔗糖和蜂蜜质量分数分别为30%、10%、20%时,能在短期内显著提高麦蛾茧蜂的寄生率;葡萄糖、蔗糖和蜂蜜质量分数分别为30%、10%、50%时,麦蛾茧蜂5 d内总产卵量最多,且3种糖类之间差异不显著;葡萄糖、蔗糖和蜂蜜质量分数分别为20%、30%、40%时,麦蛾茧蜂子代出蜂率最高,分别为92.26%、83.90%、78.80%;30%葡萄糖溶液能有效提高麦蛾茧蜂释放后前期的寄生率,且效果稳定。因此,将30%葡萄糖溶液作为麦蛾茧蜂释放前的补充营养,可有效提高麦蛾茧蜂的寄生效率。

Biological control of stored grain pests by using dominant parasitic natural enemies is one of the important strategies to address the challenge of chemical control.Saccharides supplementation is an effective way to expand parasitic wasp populations and enhance their parasitic efficiency.Glucose,sucrose,and honey were investigated as supplementary nutrients for the newly emerged Habrobracon hebetor Say(Hymenoptera:Braconidae)with different mass fractions(10%,20%,30%,40%and 50%).The parasitism rate of the hosts,the number of eggs laid by H.hebetor,and emergence rate of H.hebetor were calculated within 5 days,and the type and mass fraction of sugar sources that were most conducive to the parasitism of H.hebetor were identified.The results indicated that glucose,sucrose,and honey could significantly improve the parasitism rate of H.hebetor in short term at 30%,10%,and 20%,respectively.The total number of eggs laid by H.hebetor was the highest within 5 days when the glucose,sucrose,and honey supplied at 30%,10%and 50%,respectively,and there was no significant difference among the three sugars.When glucose,sucrose,and honey were supplied at 20%,30%,and 40%,the highest emergence rates were observed in the offspring of H.hebetor,being 92.26%,83.90%,and 78.80%,respectively.Glucose solution can effectively increase the parasitism rate of H.hebetor in the early stage after release when supplied at 30%,and the effectiveness was stable.Therefore,using glucose solution at 30%as a supplementary nutrient before the release of H.hebetor could effectively improve their parasitic efficiency.