可逆固体氧化物电池电极材料的研究进展

Research progress of reversible solid oxide cell electrode materials

可逆固体氧化物电池电极材料在应对能源挑战和降低环境污染方面具有重要作用。文章介绍了固体氧化物燃料电池和电解电池的工作原理及它们结合成可逆固体氧化物电池的优点。着重讨论了电极材料选择对电池性能的重大影响,并深入分析了钙钛矿氧化物材料在氧电极氧还原/氧析出反应动力学提升方面的作用。此外,探讨了采用掺杂、离子缺陷引入、合成方法改进以及机器学习等策略来优化电极性能。同时,指出了燃料电极在不同运行模式下面临的挑战,如结构劣化和碳沉积等,为高效、稳定的可逆固体氧化物电池发展提供了新视角和方法。

This article comprehensively reviews the latest research progress in reversible solid oxide cells(RSOCs)electrode materials,emphasizing their important roles in addressing energy challenges and mitigating environmental pollution.Initially,the article introduces the principles of solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs)and electrolysis cells(SOECs),along with the advantages of combining them into RSOCs.This article emphatically discusses the critical influence of electrode material selection on cell performance,and deeply analyzes the role of perovskite materials in enhancing the kinetics of the oxygen reduction/oxygen evolution reaction(ORR/OER).In addition,strategies such as doping,ion defect introduction,synthesis method improvement,and machine learning are discussed to optimize electrode performance.At the same time,the challenges encountered by fuel electrodes in different operating modes,such as structural degradation and carbon deposition,are pointed out,this offers fresh perspectives and methodologies for the development of efficient and stable RSOCs.