1097名农村老年人社会资本现况的横断面调查

Cross-sectional survey of social capital status among 1097 rural elderly people

目的了解安徽省农村老年人社会资本现况及其影响因素。方法2022年6—8月,应用便利抽样法选取安徽省马鞍山市、宣城市所辖区域乡镇社区的1097名≥60岁农村老年人为调研对象,应用一般信息调查表和社会资本量表对老年人进行横断面调查,并对数据进行分析。结果老年人的社会资本总分为(47.83±6.28)分,条目平均分为(3.42±0.45)分;家庭社会资本得分为(3.98±0.72)分,宏观社会资本得分为(3.91±0.65)分,社区社会资本得分为(3.54±0.68)分,个人社会资本得分为(3.27±0.58)分,社团社会资本得分为(2.01±1.05)分。经济来源、子女看望频率、是否锻炼、是否有兴趣爱好、生活自理能力对老年人的社会资本水平均有显著影响(均P<0.05)。结论乡镇社区应充分发掘对老年人社会资本有积极影响的因素,提升老年人的社会资本水平。

Objective To understand the current situation and its influencing factors of social capital among rural elderly people in Anhui Province.Methods From June to August 2022,a total of 1097 rural elderly people aged≥60 from township and communities under the jurisdiction of Ma'anshan City and Xuancheng City in Anhui Province were selected as research subjects by convenience sampling method.The general information questionnaire and social capital scale were used to conduct a cross-sectional survey among the elderly,and the data were analyzed.Results The total score of social capital of the elderly was(47.83±6.28)points,and the average score of items was(3.42±0.45)points.The score of family social capital was(3.98±0.72)points,macro social capital was(3.91±0.65)points,community social capital was(3.54±0.68)points,personal social capital was(3.27±0.58)points,and association social capital was(2.01±1.05)points.The differences in the total score of social capital of the elderly with different economic source,frequency of children's visits,whether they took part in physical exercise,whether they had hobbies and self-care ability were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Conclusion Township communities should fully explore the factors that have a positive impact on the social capital of the elderly,and improve the social capital level of the elderly.