高质量发展视域下我国预制菜产业瓶颈制约与路径选择

The bottleneck restriction and path selection of China’s Prepared meals industry from the perspective of high-quality development

为推进我国预制菜产业高质量发展,从供给和需求两方面对国内预制菜产业发展现状、制约瓶颈及主要头部企业的优劣势、客群特点、经营模式进行分析,并剖析国外预制菜产业发达国家的发展经验。研究发现,我国目前预制菜产业尚未形成完全竞争市场,产品壁垒低、缺乏国家标准、行业格局高度分散,预制菜龙头及标杆企业严重缺乏,市场参与主体“小、散、弱”问题普遍。根据美日等国先发经验,提升我国预制菜行业集中度及全产业链协同能力势在必行;预计此后3~5年内我国预制菜行业将出现竞合并购,尤其龙头企业上下游业态整合、大单品打磨、精细化、绿色化生产将是预制菜高质量长效发展的主要路径。政策方面,建议从“三产融合”“三链耦合”层面对预制菜全产业链发展进行机制设计,在推动企业做大做强的同时,还应关注利益相关者激励相容机制的完善,不断消除预制菜产业发展中存在的食品安全风险、产品壁垒、产品同质化等不确定性问题。

In order to improve the high-quality development of China’s prepared meals industry,this article provides a detailed analysis of the current situation,constraints,customer characteristics,and business models of China’s prepared meals industry from supply and demand perspectives.It also sorts out the development experience of developed countries in industry.Research shows that China’s prepared meals industry is not in a fully competitive market which including:Low product barriers,no national standards,highly dispersed industry landscape,lacking leading and benchmark enterprises,and participants being small,scattered,and weak.Based on the experience of countries such as the United States and Japan,it will be a trend to promote the concentration of China.It is expecting that,with in the next 3-5 years,there will be some competitive mergers and acquisitions in industry,especially the integration of upstream and downstream business formats of leading enterprises,refinement of classic products,and green production.Which will be the main path for the high-quality and long-term development in industry.Suggest designing mechanisms to promote the integration of the three industries in the development of the entire prepared meals industry chain.While promoting the growth and strength of enterprises,more attention should be paid to the improvement of stakeholder incentive compatibility mechanisms,and continuously eliminate uncertainty issues such as food safety risks,product barriers,and product homogenization in the development of the prepared meals industry.