掌骨干骨折的治疗进展

Progress in Treatment of Metacarpal Shaft Fractures

掌骨干骨折为临床常见的手部骨折之一,如早期治疗不当,极易影响手部的外观及功能。目前临床上对掌骨干骨折的治疗选择尚未形成统一的指导意见。对于稳定掌骨干骨折多选择保守治疗,其优势主要为无创、医疗费用低,不足之处在于易发生复位丢失。对于不稳定掌骨干骨折临床更多选择手术内固定治疗,其优势在于骨折精准复位并坚强内固定,利于患肢早期行功能锻炼,但存在费用高、二次手术等不足。因此,未来通过多中心、大样本量临床对照研究对外固定方法及手术内固定方法的技术改良仍是掌骨干骨折治疗的重点。

Metacarpal shaft fractures are common hand fractures in clinical practice.Improper early treatment can easily affect the appearance and function of the hand.Currently,there is no unified guidance on the treatment of metacarpal shaft fractures in clinical practice.For stable metacarpal shaft fractures,conservative treatment is often preferred due to its advantages of non-invasiveness and low medical costs,although it also has the disadvantage of the potential risk of reduction loss.For unstable metacarpal shaft fractures,surgical internal fixation is more commonly advocated clinically.The advantage of surgical internal fixation lies in accurate fracture reduction and strong internal fixation,which facilitates early functional exercise of the affected limb.Nevertheless,it is associated with higher costs and potential need for secondary surgery.Therefore,future technical improvements in external fixation methods and surgical internal fixation methods through multicenter,large-sample clinical controlled studies remain the focus of the treatment of metacarpal shaft fractures.