美国人工智能研究院研发组织和运营模式研究

R&D Organization and Business Model of U.S.National AI Research Institutes

2020年以来,美国政府组建系列国家人工智能研究院,其研发组织与运营模式代表了未来新型研发组织的发展方向。研究定位上,面向研究时间长、前沿交叉学科且需多机构合作完成的人工智能领域;组织和运营模式上,从组织架构、支持资金、成果转化和决策模式4个方面进行了创新。中国人工智能新型研发机构在实际运行中仍然存在不足,应充分发挥政府统筹协调作用;支持建立开放协作的产业生态,研发与应用端融合,加快迭代速度;帮助企业培育初期市场,减少企业创新的市场不确定性。

Since 2020,the U.S.government has established a series of national artificial intelligence(AI)research institutes.Its organization and business model represent the future of new type of R&D organizations.The AI institutes are oriented towards those programs that possess long research time,cutting-edge interdisciplinary and multi-institutional cooperation.In terms of organizational and business model,innovation are carried out in four aspects:organizational structure,funding mechanism,technology transfer and decision model.Currently there is still room for improvement for china’s new type of AI R&D institutions,such as the government providing more overall coordination;supporting the establishment of an open and collaborative industrial ecosystem,integrating R&D and application,and speeding up iteration;and helping companies cultivate the initial market and reduce their innovation market uncertainty.