古树断裂倒伏风险评估原理与防护设计

Principles for Assessing Fracture and Lodging Risks in Ancient Trees and Protective Design

强度缺陷和风雪荷载是导致古树断裂倒伏的两大因素。古树的风险评估就是通过望诊、检测、探根及测绘,找出安全隐患、确定缺陷位置及大小、分析古树受力破坏方式、测算剩余强度和稳定性,而古树的安全防护就是设计安装必要的支撑与拉纤来防止这种破坏发生。本文阐述了古树风险评估的原理和方法,并介绍了不同类型支撑与拉纤的设计和应用。

Strength defects and wind and snow load are the two major factors leading to fracture and lodging of ancient trees.Risk assessment for ancient trees is to find out safety risks,spot the location and size of defects,analyze the damage mode suffered by ancient trees and measure the residual strength and stability through observation,detection,diagnosis in the roots and mapping.Safety protection for ancient trees is to design and install necessary supporting structures and backstay cable structures to prevent such damages.In this paper,an elaboration was made on the principles and methods for assessing risk in ancient trees with an introduction to the design and application of different types of supporting and backstay cable structures.