应用语言学Q方法研究述评:基于PRISMA系统性综述方法

Q Methodological Research in Applied Linguistics:A Systematic Review Based on PRISMA

近年来,混合研究方法逐渐受到应用语言学领域学者的关注。其中,Q方法作为一种探讨人类主体性的混合研究方法,融合了量化与质性方法的优势,从整体和个体两个层面出发,以客观手段考察主观本质,逐渐得到该领域专家的认可。然而,学者们对于Q方法的认识仍处于起步阶段,相关研究成果较少,国内实证研究尤其匮乏。因此,本研究采用系统性综述方法,通过对国内外相关重点文献数据库进行检索和筛选,从“理论视角”“研究主题”和“数据搜集与分析特征”3个方面评述Q方法研究现状。研究发现,只有少量Q方法研究注重与理论相结合,且仅有的这些研究多聚焦动机主题;研究主题涉及动机、情感、信念、课程评价等;数据搜集与分析呈现出从共时到历时、从组内向组间或组内组间相结合的发展趋势。最后,本文结合现有研究的不足,指出Q方法研究的未来发展方向,以期为未来研究提供新的思路。

In recent years,mixed research methods have gradually attracted the attention of scholars in the field of applied linguistics,among which the Q method,as a mixed research method to explore human subjectivity,combines the advantages of quantitative and qualitative methods,and examines subjectivity via objective measures at both holistic and individual levels.However,understanding the application of the Q method in this field is still in its infancy,and there are few relevant research results;empirical Chinese studies are particularly lacking.Therefore,in this study,we employ a systematic review by searching key literature databases in China and overseas and investigating Q methodological studies in applied linguistics.The researchers reviewed the current status of Q methodological research in terms of theoretical perspectives,research topics,as well as data collection and analysis characteristics.We have found that few Q methodological studies have integrated theories,and have a predominant focus on motivational themes,as the research topics encompass motivations,emotions,beliefs,curriculum evaluations,and the like.The data collection and analysis have revealed developmental trends ranging from synchronic to diachronic,intra-group to inter-group,or a combination of intra-group and inter-group.Finally,we propose future directions for Q methodological research based on existing research gaps with the aim of providing new insights for future studies.