我国现阶段促进老年人再就业的困境及应对策略——以我国台湾地区相关政策为借鉴的考察

The Dilemma and Coping Strategies for Promoting Re-employment of the Elderly in China— A Review of Policies Concerned in Taiwan,China

老年人再就业是老年人力资源开发的重要路径,推动低龄老年人再就业越来越成为呼应老龄化社会需求和促进劳动力生产参与的重要策略。我国台湾地区《中高龄者及高龄者就业法》的出台为落实积极老龄化政策、推进我国老年人力资源开发、促进老年人再就业提供了借鉴。然而,当前老年人再就业形势严峻、困境复杂,主要表现为老年人进入劳动力市场的准入机制存在年龄歧视、缺乏社区保障,以及一体化推进老年人再就业过程中跨部门协作难等制度瓶颈。基于内地地区人口规模与经济社会发展需要等具体情况,建议政府以支持老年人再就业政策法规为引领,将反年龄歧视就业纳入劳动法规;增强老年人再就业权益保障,构建低龄老年人灵活就业安全网;加强政企社协作,完善高龄者人力资源管理系统,促进老年劳动者再就业,建构年龄友好型职场。

The re-employment of the elderly is an important approach to developing human resources for the elderly,and promoting the younger elderly to rejoin the workforce is increasingly becoming an important strategy responding to the demands of an aging society and boosting labor force participation.The enactment of the Employment Act for the Middle-Aged and the Elderly in Taiwan,China,provides a reference for implementing proactive aging policies,developing human resources for the elderly,and promoting re-employment of the elderly.However,the current situation of re-employment of the elderly in China is grim and multifaceted.The main challenges include age discrimination in the labor market entry mechanism,lack of community support,and institutional bottlenecks in promoting re-employment across different departments.Considering the size of population and economic and social development needs in China’s mainland,it is suggested that the government should take supportive policies and regulations as guidance,and incorporate anti-age discrimination employment into labor laws.Moreover,efforts should be made to enhance the protection of re-employment rights for the elderly,and establish a flexible employment safety net for the low working-age elders;in addition,collaboration among government,enterprises,and social organizations should be strengthened,and the management system for elderly human resources should be enhanced to promote re-employment of the elders and to build age-friendly jobs and workplaces for them.