有机液体储氢中全氢化乙基咔唑催化脱氢研究进展

Research progress on catalytic dehydrogenation of dodecahydro-Nethylcarbazole as liquid organic hydrogen carrier

在碳达峰碳中和的背景下,能源结构转型势在必行。氢能是以非化石能源为主体的新型能源系统的重要能量载体。目前氢能的发展瓶颈在于氢气的储运。以乙基咔唑/全氢化乙基咔唑为代表的有机液体储氢技术提供了一种安全、高效的储氢方式。全氢化乙基咔唑脱氢温度高、催化剂稳定性差等问题是限制该技术大规模应用的主要挑战。基于此,介绍了全氢化乙基咔唑催化脱氢过程的反应机理,阐述其反应路径、反应动力学、催化反应过程;综述了目前脱氢催化剂的研究进展,对脱氢催化剂的循环性能进行总结,并归纳了失活机理;结合脱氢反应的特点提出反应器设计的挑战,并介绍目前典型的脱氢反应器。最后,针对现阶段全氢化乙基咔唑脱氢反应的潜在挑战,对该技术在储氢领域的应用进行了展望。

In the context of carbon peak and carbon neutrality,the transformation of energy structure is imperative.The new energy system is mainly based on non-fossil energy and hydrogen energy is an essential energy carrier.At present,hydrogen storage and transportation are the main challenges for its application.Liquid organic hydrogen carrier is a promising alternative for safe and efficient hydrogen storage method.N-ethylcarbazole/dodecahydro-Nethylcarbazole(NEC/12H-NEC)is a good choice for hydrogen carrier.The high dehydrogenation temperature of 12H-NEC and poor stability of catalysts are the main challenges limiting the large-scale application.Therefore,this paper introduced the dehydrogenation reaction mechanism of 12H-NEC and described its reaction pathway,kinetics and catalytic reaction process.And then,the activity,stability and deactivation mechanism of dehydrogenation catalysts were concluded.The challenges of reactor design were discussed based on the characteristics of the dehydrogenation reaction and typical dehydrogenation reactors were described.Finally,in view of the potential challenges of 12H-NEC dehydrogenation reaction,a prospect for the future application of this technology in the field of hydrogen storage is put forward.