960g/L精异丙甲草胺乳油苗前封闭对小豆苗期生长发育和生理代谢以及杂草防效的影响

Effects of Pre Seedling Sealing with 960 g/L S-metolachlor EC on the Growth,Development,Physiological Metabolism,and Weed Control Efficiency of Adzuki Bean Seedlings

为了明确苗前除草剂960 g/L精异丙甲草胺乳油在小豆苗前封闭处理的适宜浓度,自然条件下,以辽红小豆2号为研究对象,设960 g/L精异丙甲草胺乳油有效用量486、648、778和972 g/hm^(2)计4个处理,以清水处理为对照(CK),研究了不同用量药剂处理对小豆苗期生长形态、光合生理指标、冠层结构、根系性状、杂草防除效果和产量的影响。结果表明:960 g/L精异丙甲草胺乳油有效用量为778 g/hm^(2)时,能够明显促进小豆幼苗生长发育;显著提高小豆苗期叶片的光合性状指标和抗氧化酶活性,增强小豆幼苗叶片的光合作用和抗氧化能力;促进小豆植株下部节位粗度增大,在一定程度上增强小豆的抗倒伏性;促进第4节位的叶柄长度增大,进而改善冠层结构;对小豆田杂草防效较高,其中对禾本科杂草的防效明显优于阔叶杂草,且小豆苗期药害症状最轻。960 g/L精异丙甲草胺有效用量为778 g/hm^(2)时,能增加小豆苗期叶片的光合生理指标和抗氧化酶活性,促进小豆生长以及干物质的积累,对小豆田杂草防效较好且对小豆幼苗安全,小豆产量最高。

In order to determine the appropriate concentration of 960 g/L S-metolachlor EC for pre seedling sealing treatment of adzuki bean,under natural conditions,Liaohong 2 was taken as the research object,four treatments were set up with an effective dosage of 960 g/L S-metolachlor EC at 486,648,778,and 972 g/hm^(2),and water treatment was used as the control(CK).The effects of different dosage treatments on the growth morphology,photosynthetic physiological indicators,canopy structure,root characteristics,weed control effect,and yield of adzuki bean during the seedling stage were studied.The results showed that when the effective dosage of 960 g/L S-metolachlor EC was 778 g/hm^(2),it could significantly promote the growth and development of seedlings,significantly improving the photosynthetic traits and antioxidant enzyme activity of leaves during the seedling stage,enhance the photosynthetic and antioxidant capacity of leaves,promote the enlargement of the lower node thickness,and to some extent enhance the lodging resistance,increase in the length of the petiole at the fourth stage,thereby improve the canopy structure.The control effect on weeds in adzuki bean fields was relatively high,among which the control effect on weeds in the Poaceae family was significantly better than that on broad-leaved weeds,and the symptoms of pesticide damage in adzuki bean seedlings were the mildest.When the effective dosage of 960 g/L S-metolachlor EC is 778 g/hm^(2),it can increase the photosynthetic physiological indicators and antioxidant enzyme activity of adzuki bean leaves during the seedling stage,promote growth and dry matter accumulation,have good weed control effect on adzuki bean fields,and be safe for adzuki bean seedlings,with the highest yield of adzuki bean.