非肌层浸润性膀胱癌新型腔内治疗研究进展

Research progress of new intravesical therapies for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer

膀胱癌是最常见的泌尿系肿瘤之一,约70%的患者在初次诊断时为非肌层浸润性膀胱癌(NMIBC),然而其在5年内复发率高达31%~78%,且17%~45%的患者会在后续发展为肌层浸润性膀胱癌(MIBC)。目前,传统的化学药物和卡介苗(BCG)灌注治疗已经不能满足临床需要。近年来,新型腔内疗法包括各种免疫基因疗法、光动力治疗以及新型药械组合已投入应用,本文将综述这些最新方法的研究进展,为临床NMIBC的治疗提供新的方向。

Bladder cancer is one of the most common urinary tumors.About 70%of the cases are non-muscle invasive bladder cancer(NMIBC)at the time of initial diagnosis while the recurrence rate is as high as 31%to 78%within 5 years.Furthermore,17%to 45%of the patients will develop muscle-invasive bladder cancer(MIBC)later.At present,the traditional chemical drugs and BCG intravesical therapy can no longer meet the clinical needs,and some systematic treatments have been applied to the patients with BCG failure.In recent years,a variety of new intravesical therapies,including immune gene therapy,photodynamic treatment and new combination of drugs and equipment,have been put into clinical applications.This article will review the novel research progress and provide a new direction for the treatment of NMIBC.