基于Logistic回归模型的头孢类药物引起静脉炎危险因素分析

Analysis of the risk factors for phlebitis induced by cephalosporins based on Logistic regression model

目的:探讨基于Logistic回归模型的头孢类药物引起静脉炎危险因素。方法:选取345例输注头孢类药物的住院患者为研究对象,根据是否发生静脉炎分为研究组(n=27)和对照组(n=318)。比较两组患者一般资料、头孢类药物用药情况,分析头孢类药物引起静脉炎的相关因素。结果:研究组中,患者静脉炎1级4例,2级16例,3级7例,经对症治疗后所有患者均转归有效,无严重后遗症发生。单因素分析结果显示,两组患者年龄、药物过敏史、用药时间、滴注速度均有统计学差异(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归结果显示,合并药物过敏史、用药时间≥7 d是头孢类药物引起静脉炎的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:合并药物过敏史、头孢类药物用药时间≥7 d可能会增加患者静脉炎发生风险;因此,临床应用头孢类药物时,应重点关注既往存在药物过敏史及用药时间过长的患者,规范使用,减少静脉炎的发生。

Objective:To investigate the risk factors for phlebitis induced by cephalosporins based on Logistic regression model.Methods:345 hospitalized patients who received cephalosporin drug infusion were selected as the research subjects.They were divide into a study group(n=27)and a control group(n=318)based on the occurrence of phlebitis.General information and use of cephalosporins of the two groups were compared.The risk factors for phlebitis induced by cephalosporins were analyzed.Results:In the study group,phlebitis was classified as grade 1(4 cases),grade 2(16 cases)and grade 3(7 cases).After symptomatic treatment,all patients turned out to be effectively treated,without serious sequelae.Univariate analysis found that there were statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of age,drug allergic history,medication time and infusion rate(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that drug allergic history and medication time>7 days were independent risk factors for phlebitis induced by cephalosporins(P<0.05).Conclusion:Drug allergic history and use of cephalosporins longer than 7 days may increase the risk of phlebitis.In clinical practice,it is important to focus on patients with drug allergic history and longer-term medication when using cephalosporins,so as to use them rationally and reduce the occurrence of phlebitis.