“双减”政策执行中的偏差行为研究——基于史密斯政策执行过程模型

A Study on Deviant Behaviors in the Implementation of the“Double Reduction”Policy:on the Basis of Smith’s Policy Implementation Process Model

为探究“双减”政策执行过程中的政策执行偏差行为,基于史密斯政策执行过程模型,从理想化政策、执行机构、目标群体及环境因素四个层面采用个案研究法对G省L县“双减”政策执行过程中出现的象征性执行、选择性执行、替代性执行等偏差行为进行成因分析,发现政策话语的模糊性和政策适应性的欠缺、目标群体利益基点下的理性选择、执行机构间的博弈及传统文化观念和教育生态环境的桎梏均对“双减”政策的执行效果产生叠加影响。基于此,提出如下纠偏对策:优化宏观设计,完善政策内容;革新教育理念,减少工具理性;完善利益协调机制,助力政策执行;突破文化桎梏,构建良好生态,以期为改进“双减”政策执行偏差问题并有效执行政策提供参考。

In order to investigate the deviant behaviors of policy implementation during the implementation of the“double reduction”policy,the case study method was adopted to analyze the causes of the deviant behaviors such as symbolic implementation,selective implementation,alternative implementation during the implementation of the“double reduction”policy in L County,Province G,based on the Smith’s policy implementation process model from the four dimensions of the idealized policy,implementing organization,target group and policy environment.It is found that the ambiguity of the policy discourse and the lack of policy adaptability,the rational choice of the target group under the base of interest,the game among the implementing organizations,and the shackles of the traditional cultural concepts and the educational ecological environment all have a superimposed impact on the implementation effect of the“double reduction”policy.On this basis,corrective countermeasures such as optimizing the macro design,improving the content of the policy,innovating the concept of education and reducing instrumental rationality,improving the mechanism for coordinating interests and assisting in the implementation of the policy,and breaking through the shackles of culture and constructing a good ecology,with a view to providing references to alleviate the problem of the deviation in the implementation of the“double reduction”policy and the effective implementation of the policy.