南宁青秀山珍贵树种展示园观花观果植物资源多样性调查与分析

Survey and Analysis of Ornamental Flower and Fruit Plants Resources Diversity in Rare Tree Species Exhibition Garden of Nanning Qingxiu Mountain

为探究青秀山珍贵树种展示园观花观果植物多样性及现状,并为后期园林景观营建与管理提供科学依据和参考,对青秀山珍贵树种展示园观花观果植物多样性进行全面调查与分析。结果表明,青秀山珍贵树种展示园共有观花植物95科255属364种,观果植物89科211属308种。其中仅观花的植物有133属,仅观果的植物有89属,具2种观赏型的植物有122属。在科属种层面,白花植物均占比最高(28.06%、35.38%、38.10%),其次为黄花、红花、绿花和紫花植物,橙花和蓝花占比较低。总体花期集中在4-6月,果期集中在8-10月,季节性特征明显。青秀山珍贵树种展示园春夏季开花植物种类较多,观花景观色彩主要由白、黄、紫、红、绿5个色系决定。虽观花观果特征明显,但仍存在裸子植物种类运用占比小、色系构成失衡、植物群落较为分散、冬季观赏效果不足等特点。建议增加裸子植物的使用,适当提高粉色、橙色和蓝色3个色系的观花植物种类,构建以优势科为主的群落观花景观,适当补充冬季观花观果植物种类,以充分发挥观花观果特性,达到四季皆有景观的效果。

In order to explore the diversity and current situation of ornamental plants in the Rare Tree Species Exhibition Garden of Qingxiu Mountain,and provide scientific basis and reference for the later landscape construction and management,the diversity of ornamental plants in the Rare Tree Species Exhibition Garden of Qingxiu Mountain was comprehensively investigated and analyzed.The results showed that there were 364 species of flower-viewing plants in 95 families,255 genera,and 308 species of fruit-viewing plants in 89 families,211 genera.Among them,133 genera were only used for flower viewing,89 genera were only used for fruit viewing,and 122 genera were used for both ornamental types.At the level of family,genus and species,white flower plants accounted for the highest proportion(28.06%,35.38%,38.10%),followed by yellow flower,red flower,green flower and purple flower,and orange flower and blue flower accounted for a relatively low proportion.The overall flowering period was concentrated in April to June,and the fruiting period was concentrated in August to October,with obvious seasonal characteristics.There are many species of flowering plants in spring and summer in Qingxiu Mountain Rare Tree Species Exhibition Garden,and the color of flower landscape is mainly determined by five color systems:white,yellow,purple,red and green.Although the ornamental features are obvious,there are still some specific characteristics,such as small proportion of gymnosperms,unbalanced composition of color systems,scattered plant communities,and insufficient ornamental effect in winter.It is suggested to increase the use of gymnosperms,appropriately increase the species of flower-viewing plants in pink,orange and blue color systems,build a flower landscape with dominant families as the main community,and appropriately supplement the species of flower-viewing plants in winter,so as to give full play to the characteristics of flower and fruit viewing,and achieve the effect of landscape in all seasons.