植物工厂相变围护结构的节能降耗效果研究

Research on energy-saving and consumption reducing performances of phase change enclosure structures in plant factories

文章采用相变材料谷时储热(冷)、峰时供热(冷)的策略将相变材料应用至植物工厂建筑围护结构中,计算了植物工厂的冷、热负荷及相变材料用量,并对有无采用相变围护结构的植物工厂进行了经济对比分析,探讨了相变围护结构的节能降耗效果。研究结果表明,占地面积29.72 m^(2)的40尺高柜集装箱植物工厂,采用相变材料完全承担日间负荷的运行方式,最多需要1348.74 kg的相变材料,采用高密度聚乙烯平板状容器封装相变材料后,需要75.03 m^(2)的内表面积进行布置。使用相变材料的植物工厂每年可节省4016.92元的运行费用,可在11.8年回收投资。

This paper proposes a strategy of storing heat energy(cold energy)during off-peak hours and supplying heat energy(cold energy)during peak hours by using phase change materials(PCM)in the building envelopes of a plant factory.The cooling and heating loads of the plant factory were calculated and the maximum amount of PCM required were estimated.An economic comparison was conducted between plant factories with and without PCM envelopes to investigate the energy saving and consumption reduction effect of PCM envelopes in plant factories.The results show that the operation mode by using PCM to fully undertake the daytime load requires 1348.74 kg of PCM at most for a 40-foot high-cube container plant factory with an occupied area of 29.72 m^(2).After encapsulating the PCM in high-density polyethylene flat plate containers,75.03 m^(2) of inner surface area of the plant factory is needed for arrangement of the containers.At least,4016.92 yuan can be saved in annual operation cost for a plant factory using PCM.Thus,the investment can be recovered in 11.8 years.