保水剂与氮肥配施对雪茄烟抗旱性相关理化性状的影响

Effects of Water Retention Agent Paired with Nitrogen Fertilizer on Physiological Indexes of Drought Resistance in Cigar Tobacco

为探讨保水剂与氮肥配施对雪茄烟不同时期抗旱性的影响,本试验以雪茄烟品种德雪一号为材料,通过盆栽方式研究干旱条件下不同浓度保水剂与不同用量氮肥配施对雪茄烟抗旱性相关生理生化指标的影响,并对其进行相关性分析、主成分分析和隶属函数综合评价。结果表明,与对照相比,保水剂和氮肥配施处理均可提高雪茄烟叶的叶绿素含量,保证叶绿素的正常合成和降解;均可显著增强雪茄烟叶片SOD、POD、CAT活性,显著降低叶片MDA含量,减少烟叶中过氧化物的产生,降低其膜脂过氧化损伤;均可显著提高雪茄烟叶脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量,促进雪茄烟叶片渗透调节物质积累,增强水分调控能力。保水剂用量4 g/株、氮肥用量4.29 g/株处理(A1B2)效果最好,可显著增强雪茄烟品种德雪一号的抗旱性。本结论可为干旱且土壤保水保肥性能较差地区优质雪茄烟栽培提供理论依据和参考。

To explore the effects of water retaining agent and nitrogen fertilizer mating on physiological indexes of drought resistance of cigar tobacco in different periods.Taking the cigar tobacco variety Dexue No.1 as the test material,the experiment was conducted through a pot planting test to study the effects of different gradients of water retention agent and nitrogen fertilizer dosage on the physiological indexes of drought resistance of cigar tobacco under drought conditions,and the correlation analysis,principal component analysis,and subordinate function analysis were also carried out.Compared with CK,both water retainer and nitrogen fertilizer dosage could increase the chlorophyll content of cigar tobacco leaves and ensure the normal synthesis and degradation of chlorophyll.Both can significantly enhance the SOD,POD and CAT activities of cigar tobacco leaves,reduce the generation of tobacco peroxides,and reduce the damage of membrane lipid peroxidation on tobacco leaves.Both can significantly reduce the MDA content of cigar tobacco leaves,indicating that the mixed application of water retention agent and nitrogen fertilizer can slow down the membrane lipid peroxidation.Both can significantly increase the content of proline,soluble protein and soluble sugar in cigar tobacco leaves,which can promote the accumulation of osmoregulatory substances in cigar tobacco leaves and enhance the regulation of water.When the water retention agent is 4g/plant and nitrogen fertilizer is 4.29g/plant,the effect is the best,which can significantly enhance the drought resistance of cigar tobacco variety Dexue No.1.This experiment provides a theoretical basis and reference for cultivating high-quality cigar tobacco in arid areas with poor soil water and fertilizer retention.