医院Ⅰ类环境水龙头污染现况调查及风险评估

Investigation and risk assessment of class Ⅰ environment faucets contamination in hospitals

目的了解医院内Ⅰ类环境中水龙头及相关水槽的微生物污染现状.方法2023年3-4月对某三甲医院所有Ⅰ类环境科室中水龙头及其相关水槽进行物体表面采样,通过细菌培养的方法检测相应采样点微生物污染的现况,并收集相关信息筛选与污染相关的危险因素.结果该医院Ⅰ类环境水龙头设施细菌超标率为32.46%(74/228),检出率最高的细菌是铜绿假单胞菌(8.49%,9/106);另外检出3株耐碳青霉烯鲍氏不动杆菌;多因素Logistic回归分析的结果显示,房间洁净级别(OR=1.629,95%CI:1.091~2.434,P=0.017)、使用年限(OR=0.489,95%CI:0.262~0.911,P=0.024)对水龙头设施微生物污染的影响具有统计学意义.结论医院Ⅰ类环境水龙头污染严重,亟待制定专门针对Ⅰ类环境的清洁消毒措施,以防止相关医院内感染的发生.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the current state of microbial contamination in faucets and associated sinks of a class I environment in a hospital.METHODS Object surface sampling of faucets and their associated sinks in all classI environmental departments of a tertiary hospital was conducted during March to Apr.2023,bacterial culture methods were used to detect the current status of microbial contamination at the corresponding sampling points,and relevant information was collected to identify risk factors associated with the contamination.RESULTS The bacterial exceedance rate of faucet facilities in classI environment of this hospital was 32.46%(74/228),and the highest detected bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa(8.49%,9/106).Three strains of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumanni were also detected.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the cleanliness level of the room(OR=1.629,95%CI:1.091-2.434,P=0.017)and the duration of usage(OR=0.489,95%CI:0.262-0.911,P=0.024)had a statistically significant influences on microbial contamination of faucet facilities.CONCLUSION The faucets of Class I environments in hospital are found to be severely contaminated,and there is an urgent need to develop cleaning and disinfection measures specifically for classI environments in order to prevent the occurrence of related nosocomial infections.