基于meta分析的丛枝菌根对小麦产量和品质的影响

Meta-analysis of the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizae on the yield and quality of wheat

小麦是人类种植的最为重要的作物之一,对保障粮食安全有着极其重要的作用,因此,小麦的高产、稳产、优质一直是研究的热点科学问题;而丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhizae,AM)是存在于植物根系的最广泛共生体,能够改善植物营养、提高植物产量和提升植物品质。为了系统、全面地评估AM在小麦生产方面的功能,筛选有利于小麦生产的高效AM真菌,本研究采用meta分析方法,基于171篇相关研究文献建立了数据库,整体评价了AM对小麦产量和品质的影响,并探讨了不同AM真菌的效应差异。结果表明,AM能通过提高17.1%的穗粒数和15.7%的千粒重,而实现小麦增产24.2%;同时,AM改善了小麦的品质,使籽粒蛋白质含量提高15.7%,P和Zn含量分别增加15.2%和21.5%;AM对小麦产量和品质的改善可能是基于改善了小麦植物营养状况和叶片叶绿素含量,其提高小麦植株地上部N含量8.4%、P 16.2%、Ca 91.2%和Zn 11.3%,并提高叶绿素含量27.5%。不同属或种的AM真菌对小麦产量和品质的影响存在明显差异,其中,斗管囊霉属真菌的效应更显著和稳定。本研究全面评价了AM对小麦产量和品质的影响,探讨了其作用机制,分析了不同AM真菌的效应差异,以期为丛枝菌根应用于小麦生产,以及选择高效的AM真菌提供理论和实践依据。

Wheat(Triticum aestivum)is one of the most important grains cultivated by humans,and as such,it plays a key role in ensuring food security.Achieving higher and more stable yields and better quality of wheat grains is an important scientific issue.Arbuscular mycorrhizae(AM)are the most widespread symbionts in plant roots,and can improve plant nutrition,yield,and quality.Many studies have demonstrated that AM can promote wheat plant growth and improve grain yields.In this study,a meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects of AM fungi on the grain yield and quality of wheat based on 171 published reports.This allowed for the systematic and comprehensive evaluation of the roles of AM in wheat production and the identification of AM fungi species or genera that consistently increase wheat grain yield and quality.The results of the meta-analysis indicated that AM can increase wheat grain yield by up to 24.2% as a result of increasing grain number per spike(by up to 17.1%)and the thousand-grain weight(by up to 15.7%).In addition,AM can improve wheat quality by increasing protein content(by up to 15.7%)and the contents of nutrients such as phosphorus and zinc(by up to 15.2% and 21.5%,respectively).Improvements in the yield and quality of wheat grains by AM may be attributed to the improvement of wheat shoot nutrition and leaf chlorophyll content,because AM can increase the concentrations of nitrogen,phosphorus,calcium,and zinc by up to 8.4%,16.2%,91.2%,and 11.3%,respectively,in the shoots of wheat plants,and the leaf chlorophyll content by up to 27.5%.Furthermore,different genera or species of AM fungi have significantly different effects on wheat yield and quality,and those in the genus Funneliformis have more significant and stable effects on wheat grain yield and quality.In summary,this study comprehensively evaluated how and to what extent AM affect wheat grain yield and quality,and identified which AM fungi consistently promote wheat plant growth and grain yield and quality.These results provide a theoretical and practical basis for the application of AM in wheat production and the selection of the best AM fungi to improve wheat grain yield and quality.