阴道乳杆菌抑制加德纳菌的机制研究

Study on the mechanism of vaginal Lactobacillus inhibiting Gardnerella

目的 研究中国健康女性阴道微环境中分离的乳杆菌对细菌性阴道病患者阴道微环境分离的阴道加德纳菌的抑制效应及其机制。方法 通过体外实验将中国健康女性阴道乳杆菌菌株和细菌性阴道病患者的阴道加德纳菌菌株共培养,观察乳杆菌对加德纳菌增殖活性的影响。将乳杆菌、阴道加德纳菌与阴道上皮细胞共培养,计算加德纳菌与上皮细胞的黏附情况,评价乳杆菌对加德纳菌黏附阴道上皮细胞的影响。比较乳杆菌培养的菌液、菌体、上清、阴道上皮细胞、乳杆菌菌体+阴道上皮细胞对加德纳菌增殖的抑制效应,分析乳杆菌抑制加德纳菌的可能机制。结果 对阴道加德纳菌增殖活性有显著抑制作用的乳杆菌菌株有5个(卷曲乳杆菌、加氏乳杆菌、詹氏乳杆菌、发酵乳杆菌和德氏乳杆菌)(P<0.05),其中3个菌株(卷曲乳杆菌、加氏乳杆菌和詹氏乳杆菌)能够明显干扰加德纳菌对上皮细胞的黏附过程(P<0.05)。菌体、上皮细胞、上清、菌液的抑菌效果逐步递增,而菌体和上皮细胞同时存在时,其抑菌效果明显超过菌液。结论 健康女性阴道乳杆菌菌株可以抑制细菌性阴道病患者阴道加德纳菌的增殖活性,能干扰加德纳菌对阴道上皮细胞的黏附过程。乳杆菌是通过多种机制完成对加德纳菌的抑制效应的。

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus isolated from vaginal microenvironment of healthy Chinese women on Gardnerella vaginalis isolated from vaginal microenvironment of patients with bacterial vaginosis and its mechanism.Methods Vaginal Lactobacillus strains from healthy Chinese women and Gardnerella vaginalis strains from patients with bacterial vaginosis were co-cultured in vitro to evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus on the proliferation activity of Gardnerella vaginalis.Vaginal Lactobacillus and Gardnerella vaginalis were co-cultured together with vaginal epithelial cells,and the adhesion of Gardnerella vaginalis to epithelial cells was calculated to evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus on the adhesion of Gardnerella vaginalis to epithelial cells.The inhibitory effects of Lactobacillus culture solutions,bacteria,supernatant,vaginal epithelial cells,Lactobacillus+vaginal epithelial cells and negative control(MRS broth)on Gardnerella were compared to analyze the possible mechanism of Lactobacillus inhibiting Gardnerella.Results A total of 5 strains of Lactobacillus(Lactobacillus crispatus,Lactobacillus gasseri,Lactobacillus jensenni,Lactobacillus fermentum,Lactobacillus delbrueckki)had a significant inhibitory effect on the proliferative activity of Gardnerella vaginalis(P<0.05),and Lactobacillus crispatus,Lactobacillus gasseri,and Lactobacillus jensenni significantly interfered with the adhesion process of Gardnerella to epithelial cells(P<0.05).The antibacterial effect of bacterial cells,epithelial cells,supernatant,and bacterial liquid gradually increased,and the co-culture of bacterial cells and epithelial cells had higher antibacterial effect than that of bacterial solution.Conclusion Vaginal Lactobacillus strains from healthy women can inhibit the activity of Gardnerella vaginalis in patients with bacterial vaginosis,and interfere with the adhesion process of Gardnerella vaginalis to vaginal epithelial cells.The inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus on Gardnerella is accomplished via multiple mechanisms.