2018-2022年新疆伊犁州新诊断HIV/AIDS晚发现情况及影响因素分析

Late presentation and influencing factors of newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS in Yili,Xinjiang from 2018 to 2022

目的:分析新疆伊犁州新诊断人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病患者(HIV/AIDS)晚发现情况及其可能的影响因素。方法:国家艾滋病综合防治信息系统下载2018—2022年伊犁州新诊断HIV/AIDS个案信息,晚发现定义为CD4细胞数<350个·μL^(-1)或者有至少1种AIDS指征性疾病。多因素Logistic回归模型分析晚发现的影响因素。结果:1567例HIV/AIDS纳入研究,727例被判定为晚发现,总的晚发现率为46.4%(95%CI 43.9%~48.9%),2018—2022年晚发现率无显著的上升及下降趋势(P=0.483)。相比于15~24岁年龄组、职业为农民及牧民、检测发现途径为全民体检的HIV/AIDS,40岁及以上年龄组(OR=2.333),职业为家政、家务及待业(OR=1.361),检测发现途径为医院就诊(OR=1.386)的HIV/AIDS更可能发生晚发现(P<0.05)。结论:2018—2022年新疆伊犁州新诊断HIV/AIDS HIV晚发现比例相对稳定;年龄较大、无业、通过医院就诊发现与HIV晚发现有关;应实施有针对性的措施,以减少HIV晚发现。

Objective:To analyze late presentation and influencing factors of newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS in Yili,Xinjiang from 2018 to 2022.Methods:Patients with newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS who registered in national AIDS information system from 2018 to 2022 were included in this study.Late presentation of HIV infection was defined as HIV diagnosis with a CD4 cell count<350 cells·μL^(-1) or an AIDS-defining event.Multivariable Logistic regression was used to identify influencing factors of late HIV presentation.Results:A total of 1567 HIV/AIDS were enrolled.727 were classified as late presenters,showing an overall percentage of 46.4%(95%CI 43.9%-48.9%),with no significant rise or fall over the years(P=0.483).Patients with newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS who were 40 years and older(OR=2.333),were homemaker or unemployment(OR=1.361),and were diagnosed in medical institutions(OR=1.386)were more likely to be late presenters(P<0.05).Conclusion:This study shows a stable percentage of late HIV presentation among patients with newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS in Yili,Xinjiang from 2018 to 2022.Older age,unemployment,and detection in medical institutions are the independent influencing factors of late HIV presentation.Targeted measures should be implemented to reduce late HIV diagnosis.