论社会流动对慈善近代化的驱动作用

On the Driving Role of Social Mobility in the Modernization of Charity

近代慈善的产生与近代社会变革带来的社会结构和生产关系深刻变化密切相关,社会流动是其中的重要因素之一。传统慈善因社会流动格局的变化丧失了生长土壤继而衰熄或转型,近代慈善也因社会流动加剧及多样化逐渐发展成型。社会流动是生产关系改变的产物,其对慈善近代化的驱动只是社会生产力与生产关系变化的一种具象化体现。随着近代工业化和城市化的推进,慈善事业不再只是一种救济形式,也不再局限于个人或团体的行为,更多地成为国家治理的一部分。

Modern China was an era of extreme social change and turbulence,and the emergence of modern charity was also attributed to the profound changes in social structure and production relations during this period,and social mobility being one of the important factors.Traditional charity lost its growth ground due to changes in social mobility patterns and subsequently declined or transformed,while modern charity gradually developed and took shape due to intensified social mobility and diversification.The changes in social mobility are generated by the changes in social production relations,and the driving force of social mobility on the modernization of charity is only a concrete manifestation of the changes in social productivity and production relations.With the advancement of modern industrialization and urbanization,charity is not only a form of relief,but also no longer just an act of individuals or groups.It has become more of a part of national governance.