生物化学复合提高采收率技术研究进展及发展趋势

Research progress and development trend of biochemical composite enhanced oil recovery technology

系统调研了中外近10a来在生物化学复合提高采收率技术方面的室内研究及现场应用进展,分别从提高洗油效率和扩大波及体积2方面,就采油菌体、生物表面活性剂、生物多糖分别与表面活性剂、聚合物、纳米颗粒等化学采油制剂间的协同作用机理,体系构建及现场应用效果进行了分析。研究结果表明:生物菌体及其代谢产物与化学采油制剂复合后,在界面张力降低、乳化分散、流度比控制和稠油降黏等方面都具有协同增效作用,现场应用也取得了良好的效果,其中胜利油田探索了菌体复合聚合物调剖技术及微生物脱硫保黏技术,预测提高采收率分别为9%和10.3%,大庆油田开展生物表面活性剂三元复合驱现场应用,先导区提高采收率达到22%。生物化学复合提高采收率技术在老油田难采储量动用方面具有巨大的应用前景。下一步需继续深化生物、化学体系间协同增效机理,根据油藏平面及层间、层内的差异,创新生物、化学采油体系复合及实施工艺,细化不同开发阶段、不同油藏空间的实施方案,通过油藏立体均衡开发,最大限度发挥生物与化学复合增效技术优势,满足老油田可持续开发的需求。

This paper systematically investigated the progress of laboratory research and field application of biochemical composite enhanced oil recovery technology in the past 10 years in China and abroad.The synergistic mechanism between oil recovery bacte-ria,biosurfactants,biopolysaccharides,and chemical oil recovery agents such as surfactants,polymers,and nanoparticles was dis-cussed in terms of improving displacement efficiency and expanding swept volume,respectively.In addition,the system construc-tion and field application effects were analyzed.The results show that the combination of biological bacteria and their metabolites with chemical oil recovery agents has synergistic effects on interfacial tension reduction,emulsification dispersion,mobility ratio control,and viscosity reduction of heavy oil,and the field application has achieved good application results.Bacteria polymer com-posite profile control and microbial desulfurization and viscosity preservation technologies were explored in Shengli Oilfield,and estimated recoveries reached 9%and 10.3%,respectively.Biological ASP composite technology was applied in Daqing Oilfield,and the recovery of the pilot area has been improved to 22%.The biochemical composite enhanced oil recovery technology has great potential for application in the exploitation of difficult-to-recovery reserves in mature oilfields.The next step is to continue to deepen the synergistic mechanism between biological and chemical systems,innovate the integration and implementation process of bio-logical and chemical oil recovery systems according to the differences between reservoir planes and inter-and intra-layers,refine the implementation plan for different development stages and reservoir spaces,and maximize the advantages of biological and chemical synergistic efficiency enhancement technologies through the three-dimensional balanced development of reservoirs to sat-isfy the demand for sustainable development of mature oilfields.