基于“三师共管”平台探讨910例2型糖尿病患者失眠、胃肠道症状与糖化血红蛋白的相关性

Correlation between insomnia,gastrointestinal symptoms,and glycated hemoglobin in patients with type 2 diabetes:a cross-sectional study based on the co-management platform of three disciplines of diabetes

目的 探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者的失眠、胃肠道症状与糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)的关系。方法 纳入2022年1—12月于厦门大学附属第一医院、厦门市中医院、晋江市中医院等就诊的T2DM患者910例,采集患者的一般资料(性别、年龄、吸烟饮酒史、运动情况、病程、治疗方式和并发症数量),HbA1c,阿森斯失眠量表(AIS)评分和胃肠道症状评定量表(GSRS)评分等信息,根据HbA1c控制是否达标分为2组,比较睡眠及胃肠道症状差异,并对差异与HbA1c水平进行相关性分析,同时根据上述采集信息对HbA1c控制不达标进行危险因素分析。结果 HbA1c控制达标组的AIS评分与GSRS评分均低于控制未达标组(P<0.01);37.0%的T2DM患者伴有失眠,失眠组的HbA1c水平高于非失眠组(10.00%±2.38%、8.26%±1.73%,P<0.01);57.5%的T2DM患者伴有胃肠道症状,伴有胃肠道症状组的HbA1c水平高于不伴有胃肠道症状组(9.26%±2.23%、8.43%±1.98%,P<0.01);26.3%的T2DM患者同时伴有失眠及胃肠道症状,伴失眠及胃肠道症状组的HbA1c水平高于不伴有失眠及胃肠道症状组(10.18%±2.44%、8.45%±1.86%,P<0.01);睡眠质量、胃肠功能与HbA1c水平存在显著相关性(P<0.01);年龄、GSRS评分、AIS评分、失眠合并胃肠道等指标是预测HbA1c≥6.5%的独立危险因素(P<0.01),同时伴有失眠合并胃肠道症状,是HbA1c控制不达标的最强风险因素,当两者伴随出现时,血糖控制的风险可能相应升高约5倍。结论 失眠和胃肠道症状是T2DM患者的常见伴随疾病,两者呈现交叉串扰关系,并且与血糖控制不佳合并出现、互为因果、叠加放大。

Objective To investigate the relationship between insomnia,gastrointestinal symptoms,and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c) levels in individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),as well as the related influencing factors.Methods A total of 910 T2DM patients treated in our multicenter from January 2022 to December 2022 were enrolled in this study.General information(gender,age,smoking and drinking history,exercise,course of disease,treatment and complications),HbA1c,Athens Insomnia Scale(AIS) scores and Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Scale(GSRS) scores of patients were collected.The differences of sleep and gastrointestinal symptoms between groups were analyzed,and the correlation between the differences and HbA1c was analyzed.Furthermore,the risk factors for non-standard HbA1c were analyzed.Results The AIS score and GSRS score in the HbA1c control group were less than those in the non-standard group(P<0.01).Insomnia was reported by 37.0% of T2DM patients,and the HbA1c level in the insomnia group was significantly higher than that in the non-insomnia group(10.00%±2.38% vs.8.26%±1.73%,P<0.01).Gastrointestinal symptoms were present in 57.5% of T2DM patients,and the HbA1c levels in the group with gastrointestinal symptoms were significantly higher than those in the group without gastrointestinal symptoms(9.26%±2.23% vs.8.43%± 1.98%,P<0.01).Furthermore,26.3% of T2DM patients experienced both insomnia and gastrointestinal symptoms.Remarkably,the HbA1c levels in the group with both insomnia and gastrointestinal symptoms were significantly higher than those in the group without either condition(10.18%±2.44% vs.8.45%±1.86%,P<0.01).Correlation analysis demonstrated a significant association between sleep quality,gastrointestinal function,and HbA1c levels(P<0.01).The logistic regression analysis result revealed that age,GSRS score,AIS score,and the presence of insomnia combined with gastrointestinal symptoms were independent risk factors for predicting HbA1c≥6.5%(P<0.01).Having both insomnia and gastrointestinal symptoms concurrently was the strongest risk factor for substandard HbA1c control,and the risk of blood sugar control may increase about 5 times when both appear together.Conclusion Insomnia and gastrointestinal symptoms are common comorbidities in T2DM patients,showing a cross-interfering relationship,and they appear together with poor blood sugar control,interact causally,and amplify each other.