体育锻炼对大学生主观幸福感的影响:自我效能感与心理韧性的链式中介作用

Influence of Physical Exercise on College Students'Subjective Well-Being—the Chain Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy and Psychological Resilience

目的:探讨自我效能感和心理韧性在体育锻炼对大学生主观幸福感影响的中介作用,为提高大学生主观幸福感提供理论依据。方法:采用随机抽样方法,选取吉林师范大学的800名大学生为调查对象,运用体育锻炼量表、主观幸福感量表、自我效能感量表和心理韧性量表进行问卷调查。结果:相关性分析显示,大学生体育锻炼与主观幸福感(r=0.796,P<0.01)、自我效能感(r=0.443,P<0.01)和心理韧性(r=0.656,P<0.01)呈显著正相关,自我效能感和心理韧性(r=0.396,P<0.01)、主观幸福感(r=0.391,P<0.01)呈显著正相关,心理韧性和主观幸福感(r=0.566,P<0.01)呈显著正相关。中介及链式中介分析显示,自我效能感变量和心理韧性变量均在大学生体育锻炼与主观幸福感之间具有中介作用,并且二者形成的链式中介也具有显著作用。结论:提高大学生体育锻炼的参与度能促进其主观幸福感,增强其自我效能感和心理韧性有助于这一过程的转化。

Objective:To explore the mediating role of self-efficacy and mental toughness in the effects of physical exercise on college students'subjective well-being,and to provide a theoretical basis for improving college students'subjective well-being.Methods:A random sampling method was used to select 800 college students from Jilin Normal University as the survey subjects,and the physical exercise scale,subjective well-being scale,self-efficacy scale and mental resilience scale were used to conduct questionnaire surveys.Results:The correlation analysis showed that physical exercise was positively correlated with subjective well-being(r=0.796,P<0.01),self-efficacy(r=0.443,P<0.01)and mental resilience(r=0.656,P<0.01),self-efficacy and mental resilience(r=0.396,P<0.01),subjective well-being(r=0.391,P<0.01),and psychological resilience and subjective well-being(r=0.566,P<0.01)showed a significant positive correlation.The analysis of mediation and chain mediation showed that both self-efficacy variables and mental resilience variables had mediating effects in college students'physical exercise and subjective well-being,and the chain mediation formed by the two also played a significant role.Conclusion:Improving the participation of college students in physical exercise can promote their subjective well-being,enhance their self-efficacy and psychological resilience,and contribute to the transformation of this process.