单离子导体型聚合物电解质的研究进展

Progress in Research of Single Ion Conductor Polymer Electrolyte

研发一种具有高能量密度、更长循环寿命和更高安全性的固态锂电池,是近几年为下一代电池设定的主要目标之一。传统液态电解质存在易燃、易泄露等缺陷,限制了其在锂离子电池中的应用。聚合物电解质具有更高的安全性能,兼具高可加工性、高柔韧性、低可燃性以及宽电化学窗口等优势,有望替代液态电解质,并在下一代高能量密度储能装置中极具应用潜能。与传统双离子导体聚合物电解质(DICPEs)相比,单离子导体型聚合物电解质(SICPEs)具有高的离子迁移数(tLi+接近1),可有效避免浓差极化的形成,抑制锂枝晶生长。文中总结了近几年SICPEs体系的研究进展,梳理了合成方法、分子结构设计,分析了当前单离子导体体系的主要挑战,并对未来该领域的发展方向进行了展望,为锂离子电池用单离子导体的研究提供技术创新方面的启发。

Developing a solid-state lithium battery with high energy density,longer cycle life and higher safety is one of the main goals set for the next generation battery in recent years.The traditional liquid electrolyte is flammable and easy to leak,which limits its application in lithium-ion batteries.Polymer electrolyte has higher safety performance,high machinability,high flexibility,low flammability and wide electrochemical window,which is expected to replace liquid electrolyte and has great application potential in the next generation of high energy density energy storage devices.Compared with the traditional double ion conductor polymer electrolyte(DICPEs),single-ion conductor polymer electrolyte(SIPECES)has a high ion mobility number(tLi+is close to 1),which can effectively avoid the formation of concentration polarization and inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites.In this paper,the research progress of SICPEs system in recent years was summarized,and the synthesis method and molecular structure design were combed.The main challenges of the current single-ion conductor system were analyzed,and the future development directions of this field were prospected,which provided inspiration for the research of single-ion conductor for lithium-ion batteries in terms of technological innovation.