基于不同工艺的高凝原油脱水技术实验研究

Experimental study on high pour point crude oil dehydration technology based on different processes

为了研究不同脱水工艺对高凝原油的处理效果,以巴彦油田高凝原油为研究对象,对自然沉降脱水、热化学脱水、电化学脱水、高频脉冲脱水、超声波脱水及微波脱水等脱水工艺效果进行实验研究,通过实验数据可得,BC-018K破乳剂对巴彦原油脱水效果最佳,最佳加药量为120 mg/L。在60℃温度和加药量120 mg/L条件下,针对含水率≤20%的巴彦原油,应用热化学沉降脱水至合格时间为2 h;应用电场强度≥1000 V/cm的电化学脱水工艺时,脱水合格时间为20 min;应用频率为2.5 kHz、脉宽比为80的高频脉冲脱水工艺时,脱水合格时间为40 min;应用频率20 kHz、功率60 W、超声作用时间30 s的超声波脱水工艺时,脱水合格时间为1 h;微波脱水与热化学沉降脱水效果相当;脱水效果由好到差的顺序为电化学脱水,高频脉冲脱水,超声波脱水,热化学沉降脱水和微波脱水,自然沉降;针对巴彦油田的高凝原油,应优先选用电化学脱水工艺。

To evaluate the treatment effectiveness of different dehydration processes on high pour point crude oil,with Bayan Oilfield's high pour point crude oil as the research object,experimental investigations were conducted on the dehydration process effects of natural sedimentation dehydration,thermochemical dehydration,electrochemical dehydration,high-frequency pulse dehydration,ultrasonic dehydration,and microwave dehydration.Experimental data revealed that BC-018K demulsifier exhibited the most optimal dehydration effect on Bayan crude oil,with an ideal dosage of 120 mg/L.For Bayan crude oil with a water content of≤20%,under the temperature of 60℃and a dosage of 120 mg/L,the qualified time for thermochemical sedimentation is 2 hours.Employing an electrochemical dehydration process with an electric field strength of≥1000 V/cm,the time toreach dehydration standard(TDS)is 20 min.Similarly,utilizing the high-frequency pulse dewatering process with a frequency of 2.5 kHz and a pulse width ratio of 80 results in a TDS of 40 minutes.When applying the ultrasonic dehydration process with a frequency of 20 kHz,power of 60 W,and ultrasonic action time of 30 s,the TDS is 1 h.The microwave dehydration effect is comparable to that of thermochemical precipitation dehydration.The order of dehydration effect from best to worst is electrochemical dehydration,high-frequency pulse dehydration,ultrasonic dehydration,thermochemical sedimentation dehydration and microwave dehydration,natural sedimentation.For high pour point crude oil in Bayan Oilfield,it is recommended to prioritize the electrochemical dehydration process.