“春麦冬播”种植效应研究——以西藏自治区林芝市为例

Researching on Planting Effect of Spring Wheat Sowing in Winter——A Case Study of Nyingchi City,Tibet

为探究“春麦冬播”在西藏自治区林芝市的种植效应,以春小麦‘高原437’进行冬播及春播(对照),每个播种期采用撒播、南北条播及东西条播,结果表明:‘高原437’能正常越冬,冬播生育期显著长于春播;冬播出苗率低于春播,但分蘖力强于春播。变异系数分析表明,冬播农艺性状整体上没有春播稳定;经冬春播相关性分析结果对比,表明旗叶的长势和主穗长度对春播产量影响更大;不论冬播还是春播,茎粗越大越有利于主穗粒数的增加,冬播小麦籽粒品质一定程度优于春播,冬播产量显著高于春播,条播整体优于撒播。‘高原437’采取条播方式进行冬播可实现最佳效益。

In order to explore the planting effect of spring wheat sowing in winter in Nyingchi,Tibet,spring wheat"Plateau 437"was used for winter sowing and spring sowing(control),and broadcast,north-south drill and east-west drill were used in each sowing period.The results showed that Plateau 437 could overwinter normally.The growth period of winter sowing was significantly longer than spring sowing.The seedling rate of winter sowing was lower than spring sowing,but the tillering ability was stronger than spring sowing.Through the analysis of coefficient of variation,the overall stability of winter sowing agronomic traits were not as high as spring sowing.The results of correlation analysis between winter and spring sowing showed that the growth of flag leaves and the length of main panicles have a greater impact on spring sowing yield.Whether sown in winter or spring,thicker stems were beneficial for increasing the grains number of main spike.To some extent the grain quality of winter sown wheat was better than spring sown wheat.The yield of winter sowing was significantly higher than spring sowing.Drill seeding was better than broadcast seeding.The best benefit could be achieved by using drill sowing method for winter sowing of“Plateau 437”.