摘要
利用烯效唑对一代新植蕉和二代宿根蕉植株进行矮化处理,通过连续2个生长周期的观察,研究矮化栽培处理在香蕉种植次适宜区对植株生长、产量及果实品质的影响,为在广西香蕉种植次适宜区进行香蕉栽培管理提供理论依据。结果表明:用烯效唑对一代新植蕉植株进行矮化处理后,覆盖天膜时植株假茎高度为48.50 cm,比未经矮化处理的植株显著低14.25 cm;一代新植蕉和二代宿根蕉植株抽蕾后假茎高度比未经矮化处理的植株显著低约15 cm;矮化处理的植株抽蕾时间比未经矮化处理的植株提前10~12d,采收时间提前约15 d;矮化处理的植株果穗、果实性状、产量均与未经矮化处理的植株差异不显著;矮化处理的香蕉果实钾元素含量比未经矮化处理的显著提高9.39%。综上所述,一代新植蕉经过矮化处理方便植株覆盖天膜过冬;无论是一代新植蕉还是二代宿根蕉,矮化处理后可以明显提前抽蕾时间,缩短植株的生育期,充分保障植株在寒害来临前完成采收;对植株进行矮化栽培管理,可以实现在广西香蕉种植次适宜区大规模种植香蕉。
The first generation of newly planted banana and the second generation of persistent root banana were dwarfed with uniconazole,and the effects of dwarfing cultivation treatment on plant growth,yield and fruit quality in the sub-suitable area of banana planting were observed for two consecutive growth cycles,so as to provide a theoretical basis for banana cultivation and management in the sub-suitable area of banana planting in Guangxi.The results showed that after dwarfing the first generation of newly planted banana plants with uniconazole,when covered with plastic film in a small arch shed,the pseudostem height of the plants was 48.50 cm,which was significantly lower than that of the non-dwarfing plants by 14.25 cm.The pseudostem height of the first generation newly planted banana and the second generation persistent root banana was significantly lower than that of the non-dwarfing plants by about 15 cm.The budding time of dwarfing plants was about 10~12 days earlier than that of non-dwarfing plants,and the harvest time was about 15 days earlier.There was no significant difference in ear,fruit character and yield between the dwarfing treatment and the non-dwarfing treatment.The content of potassium in the fruit of dwarfing plants was significantly higher than that of non-dwarfing plants by 9.39%.To sum up,after dwarfing treatment,the first generation of newly planted banana is convenient for plants to cover the plastic film in a small arch shed to survive the winter.And whether the first generation of newly planted banana or the second generation of persistent root banana,dwarfing treatment can obviously advance the budding time and shorten the growth period of the plant,fully ensure that the plant is harvested before the cold injury.Dwarfing cultivation management of the plant can achieve large-scale planting of banana in the sub-suitable area of banana planting in Guangxi.
作者
田丹丹
李朝生
何章飞
韦莉萍
周维
李宝深
龙盛峰
黄曲燕
韦绍龙
黄素梅
韦弟
覃柳燕
李佳林
黄典红
TIAN Dandan;LI Chaosheng;HE Zhangfei;WEI Liping;ZHOU Wei;LI Baoshen;LONG Shengfeng;HUANG Quyan;WEI Shaolong;HUANG Sumei;WEI Di;QIN Liuyan;LI Jialin;HUANG Dianhong(Biotechnology Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,National Joint Engineering Research Center for Genetic Improvement and Cultivation of Banana Varieties(Guangxi),Guangxi Banana Branch of National Improvement Center for Tropical Fruit Variety,Nanning 530007)
出处
《中国果树》
2024年第9期71-75,89,共6页
China Fruits
基金
广西科技重大专项(桂科AA20302016-4)
广西自然科学基金项目(2021GXNSFAA196050)。
关键词
烯效唑
香蕉
矮化
生长
产量
品质
uniconazole
banana
dwarfing
growth
yield
quality