管理能力如何影响企业出口行为——兼论出口竞争新优势培育

The Impact of Management Capability on Firms'Export Behavior——A Study on Cultivating New Competitive Advantages in Export

面对国内外复杂严峻的经济环境和日趋激烈的国际竞争,稳外贸除了继续坚持科技自主创新,加快培育以管理能力为基础的企业出口竞争新优势也具有重要意义。本文基于世界银行对中国企业展开的微观调查问卷数据度量了企业的管理能力,在此基础上采用Heckman两阶段回归实证检验了制造业企业的管理能力对出口行为的影响。研究发现:(1)管理能力提升能够显著提高企业的出口倾向和出口强度,这一结论在考虑样本选择偏差及其他一系列稳健性检验后依然成立;(2)管理能力主要通过提高企业的生产效率和创新水平进而促进企业出口;(3)管理能力的出口促进作用对东部地区、融资约束较小、运营规模较大的企业更加突出。本研究有助于从改善企业自身管理能力的视角为提升企业出口竞争力及进一步培育我国出口竞争优势提供新的思路和理论经验借鉴。

Amidst the complex and intensifying global competition and economic challenges,it is imperative to accelerate the development of export competitiveness driven by managerial proficiency.This requires a focus not only on independent innovation in science and technology but also on the cultivation of new competitive advantages for enterprises.Drawing on data from a survey of Chinese firms conducted by the World Bank,this study measures managerial proficiency effectively and tests its impact on export behavior using Heckman two-stage regression.Our analysis reveals that:(1)Improving managerial proficiency significantly enhances firms'export inclination and export volume,even after accounting for sample selection and sensitivity analyses.(2)Managerial proficiency primarily enhances export performance by improving production efficiency and increasing innovation.(3)The export promotion effect of managerial proficiency is more pronounced for firms in the eastern region,with less financing constraints,larger scale of operation.This study provides new insights and theoretical experiences from the perspective of enhancing firms'managerial proficiency to enhance their export competitiveness,and further cultivate China's export competitive advantage.