基于三维地震勘探的煤矿地质构造识别

Identification of Coal Mine Geological Tectonics Based on 3D Seismic Exploration

基于地震数据定量解释断层内部结构是煤矿地质构造精准识别的难点。为提高三维地震勘探技术识别断层的准确性,以山西省长平煤矿为例,建立断层地质模型并进行地震正演模拟,确定不同断层模型与不同断层倾角、内部充填物和P波响应的内在关系;构建断层内部结构(FIS)指数,观察断层相和围岩对FIS的响应特征;应用FIS指数对地震数据进行FIS非均匀性的定量解释和预测。三维地震勘探测试结果显示,断层的FIS响应在平面上高于围岩的FIS响应,表明前者与围岩发生了定量分离。同时,在滑动面上,FIS指数指示了小规模断层密集发育的位置。

Quantitative interpretation of fault internal structure based on seismic data is a difficult point for accurate identification of coal mine geological structure.In order to improve the accuracy of fault identification by 3D seismic exploration technology,take Changping coal mine in Shanxi province as an example,establish a fault geological model and carry out seismic orthogonal simulation to determine the intrinsic relationship between different fault models and different fault dips,internal fills and P-wave responses.The fault internal structure index(FIS)of is constructed,and the response characteristics of the fault phase and surrounding rocks to the FIS are observed.The FIS is applied to the seismic data for quantitative interpretation and prediction of the FIS non-uniformity.The test results of the 3D seismic survey show that the FIS response of the fault is higher than the FIS response of the surrounding rocks in the plane,indicating that the former is quantitatively separated from the surrounding rocks.Meanwhile,on the sliding surface,the FIS index indicates the location of densely developed small-scale faults.