心血管内科老年患者跌倒事件的原因分析及对策

Causes and countermeasures of falls in elderly patients in cardiovascular department

目的分析心内科住院患者发生跌倒的原因,为预防心内科患者跌倒提供参考依据。方法回顾性分析2022年1月-2023年6月期间宁国市人民医院心内科22例住院发生跌倒患者的临床资料,对该组患者的临床资料进行分析,总结其跌倒事件的发生风险,同时就患者住院病历进行分析,针对各种原因制定有针对性的护理对策。结果发生跌倒的患者中,年龄≥70岁的占72.7%;跌倒地点主要是床旁(40.9%)和卫生间(31.8%);跌倒时患者主诉最多的是重心失衡,占36.4%,余下依次是晕倒,占27.3%,下肢或全身乏力,占22.7%;59.1%患者跌倒后受伤程度为轻度;夜班时间跌倒占86.4%。跌倒发生的高峰时段为00:00-02:00、04:00-06:00、18:00-20:00。结论心内科跌倒患者以老年人居多,跌倒发生地点主要是在床旁,多数是因为重心不稳,肢体乏力而跌倒,服用利尿剂或降压药等增加了患者跌倒的风险。

Objective To analyze the causes of falls in inpatients in the Department of Cardiology,and to provide reference for the prevention of falls in patients in the department of cardiology.Methods The clinical data of 22 patients with falls in the Department of Cardiology,Ningguo People’s Hospital from January 2022 to June 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.The clinical data of this group of patients were analyzed,the risk of falls was summarized,and the inpatient medical records were analyzed,and targeted nursing countermeasures were developed for various reasons.Results Among the fall patients,72.7%were≥70 years old.The main falling places were near the bed(40.9%)and bathroom(31.8%).The most common complaint of patients when falling was center of gravity imbalance,accounting for 36.4%,followed by fainting,accounting for 27.3%,and lower limb or overall weakness,accounting for 22.7%;59.1%of the patients suffered mild injuries after falling.Falls during night shift accounted for 86.4%.The peak hours for falls are 00:00-02:00,04:00-06:00,and 18:00-20:00.Conclusion Most of the patients with fall in the department of cardiology are elderly,and the fall place is mainly near the bed,most of them fall because of unstable center of gravity and limb weakness,and taking diuretics or antihypertensive drugs increases the risk of falling.